The spectrum of atmospheric velocity fluctuations at 8 km and 86 km

Balsley, B. B.; Carter, D. A.

doi:10.1029/gl009i004p00465

Cited by 119 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The spectral amplitudes in the PBL increase more than one order of magnitude from the bottom to the top of the PBL, and the latter values are comparable to values in the mid-latitude upper troposphere and 1/100-1/30 those in the mid-latitude upper mesosphere (e.g., Balsley and Carter, 1982;Larsen et al, 1982;Nakamura et al, 1993), as shown in Fig. 4.…”

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…A slope of -5/3 has been reported in observations in the extra-tropical lower and middle atmosphere in earlier studies however (e.g., Balsley and Carter, 1982;Larsen et al, 1982;Gage et al, 1986;Tsuda et al, 1994b). The slope for the meridional component in the dry season is gentler than -1 at frequencies less than 1 day-.…”

Section: Frequency Power Spectra Of Wind Velocity Fluctuationsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…4. Comparison between the horizontal wind frequency spectra obtained in this study (thick curves) and earlier (extra-tropical lower-and middle-atmospheric) studies (thin curves) (Balsley and Carter, 1982;Larsen et al, 1982;Nakamura et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantitative information on the energy transport and conversion processes in the atmosphere is given by the power spectra of wind velocity fluctuations, which have become available with the development of radar profiling techniques from the troposphere to the lower thermosphere (see, e.g., Balsley and Carter, 1982;Larsen et al, 1982;Nakamura et al, 1993). These spectra have suggested that kinetic energy is generated in the troposphere and is transported upward mainly by various types of propagating waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency Spectra of Wind Velocity Fluctuations between 1 hour and 1 month in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Equatorial Indonesia

Hashiguchi

Fukao

Yamanaka

et al. 1997

J. geomagn. geoelec

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Frequency power spectra are analyzed from zonal and meridional wind velocities observed continuously in a height range below 2.5 km with the Kyoto University Boundary Layer Radar (BLR) in Serpong, Indonesia (6.4°S, 106.7°E). We find that (i) the spectral slope in a period range from a few hours to a few days is approximately -1; (ii) the power spectral densities in the rainy season are at least about two times larger than those in the dry season; (iii) the diurnal component is dominant both in dry and rainy seasons; (iv) components with periods of about 4 and 10 days are probably associated with mixed Rossbygravity wavelike cloud clusters and Kelvin wavelike super cloud clusters, respectively; and (v) the power spectral amplitudes increase at least one order of magnitude from the bottom to the top of the equatorial Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL), and the values at the top of the PBL are comparable to those in the upper troposphere over mid-latitudes. The last feature suggests that the equatorial PBL is probably a major source of kinetic energy of the earth's atmosphere.

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Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Frequency Power Spectra Of Wind Velocity Fluctuationsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Frequency Spectra of Wind Velocity Fluctuations between 1 hour and 1 month in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Equatorial Indonesia

Hashiguchi

Fukao

Yamanaka

et al. 1997

J. geomagn. geoelec

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“…Here it should be remembered that there must be a systematic relation between the horizontal wavelength and the amplitude of vertical motion through the mesoscale region of IGW when we follow the energy spectrum observation by Balsley and Carter (1982). Therefore, we cannot select both wave parameters independently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turbulence Layer Thickness in the Stratosphere under the Presence of Viscosity and Newtonian Cooling

Tanaka

1983

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Gravity Wave Dynamics in a Mesospheric Inversion Layer: 2. Instabilities, Turbulence, Fluxes, and Mixing

et al. 2018

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A companion paper by Fritts, Laughman, et al. (2017) employed an anelastic numerical model to explore the dynamics of gravity waves (GWs) encountering a mesospheric inversion layer (MIL) having a moderate static stability enhancement and a layer of weaker static stability above. That study revealed that MIL responses, including GW transmission, reflection, and instabilities, are sensitive functions of GW parameters. This paper expands on two of the Fritts, Laughman, et al. (2017) simulations to examine GW instability dynamics and turbulence in the MIL; forcing of the mean wind and stability environments by GW, instability, and turbulence fluxes; and associated heat and momentum transports. These direct numerical simulations resolve turbulence inertial‐range scales and yield the following results: GW breaking and turbulence in the MIL occur below where they would otherwise, due to enhancements of GW amplitudes and shears in the MIL. 2‐D GW and instability heat and momentum fluxes are ~20–30 times larger than 3‐D instability and turbulence fluxes. Mean fields are driven largely by 2‐D GW and instability dynamics rather than 3‐D instabilities and turbulence. 2‐D and 3‐D heat fluxes in regions of strong turbulence yield small departures from initial T(z) and N2(z) profiles, hence do not yield nearly adiabatic “mixed” layers. Our MIL results are consistent with the relation between the turbulent vertical velocity variance and energy dissipation rate proposed by Weinstock (1981) for the limited intervals evaluated.

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The spectrum of atmospheric velocity fluctuations at 8 km and 86 km

Cited by 119 publications

References 22 publications

Frequency Spectra of Wind Velocity Fluctuations between 1 hour and 1 month in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Equatorial Indonesia

Frequency Spectra of Wind Velocity Fluctuations between 1 hour and 1 month in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Equatorial Indonesia

Turbulence Layer Thickness in the Stratosphere under the Presence of Viscosity and Newtonian Cooling

Gravity Wave Dynamics in a Mesospheric Inversion Layer: 2. Instabilities, Turbulence, Fluxes, and Mixing

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