The spectrum of sex development: Eric Vilain and the intersex controversy

Reardon, Sara

doi:10.1038/533160a

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Social constructions of gender (on which gender-based violence are based) are described by the World Health Organization (WHO) (2017) thus: people are born female or male, but learn to be girls and boys who then grow into women and men. That said, it is important to recognize the wider spectrum of sex and gender development which challenges the binary notion of two sexes; blurring traditional male-female boundaries and including 'intersex' characteristics (Ainsworth 2015;Reardon 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Profile of Gender-Based Violence Research in Europe: Findings From a Focused Mapping Review and Synthesis

Bradbury‐Jones

Appleton

Clark

et al. 2017

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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This article reports the findings from a new form of review: a focused mapping review and synthesis. The aim was to create a contemporary, snapshot profile of the nature and scope of gender-based violence (GBV) studies conducted in Europe. GBV is one of the most prevalent human rights violations in the world affecting mainly women and girls. The policy context of GBV in Europe has gathered momentum in recent years, but we do not have a clear picture of how this relates to research activity. Thirteen journals were purposively selected on their likelihood to publish GBV research. All articles published in these journals during 2015 and meeting our inclusion criteria were retrieved. Data were extracted according to (1) types of methodologies used, (2) geographical location of research, and (3) patterns of research activity/interest. Thirty-two articles met the inclusion criteria. Many titles and abstracts were not explicit about the gendered nature of the research which made retrieval and analysis difficult. A range of methodologies were reported, with single-country research conducted more than international collaborations. Intimate partner violence and sexual abuse attracted most research interest. No studies explored female genital mutilation/cutting and only one investigated early and forced marriage. The findings have implications regarding GBV research in Europe, and we explore them in relation to relevant European policy. Researchers can help raise the profile of the gendered nature of most violence-related research by being explicit about this in their publications. Increasing opportunities for cross-national research will help address the global nature of GBV. Tackling GBV requires synergy of empirical evidence and policy to drive the agenda.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Profile of Gender-Based Violence Research in Europe: Findings From a Focused Mapping Review and Synthesis

Bradbury‐Jones

Appleton

Clark

et al. 2017

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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“…B. WT-1 und SF1 (NR5A1) die jeweils für die frühe Gonadendifferenzierung verantwortlich sind. Außerdem SRY, DMRT, SOX9, DHH, ATRX und ARX, die für die Hodendifferenzierung wichtig sind [4,5,6,7,8,9]. Teilweise führen diese Mutationen auch zu syndromalen Formen der Gonadendysgenesie.…”

Section: Gonadendysgenesieunclassified

“…Laparoskopisch werden Reste der Müller-Gänge gefunden, und Biopsien sollten zur Diagnosesicherung gewonnen werden. Zur Diagnostik gehört auch eine Chromosomenanalyse, und es sollte gezielt nach Mutationen in den geschlechtsbestimmenden Genen gesucht werden [4,8].…”

Section: Merkeunclassified

Varianten der Geschlechtsentwicklung - ein klinisches und rechtliches Update

Wagner,

Hiort,

Frielitz

2023

Pädiatrie up2date

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“…79 Media reports frequently and uncritically present an unsubstantiated narrative of fewer surgical interventions, and improved medical practices. 26,28,80 Reports that frame intersex within LGBTI contexts frequently, and incorrectly, 42 often assume that intersex people are all gay, or transgender. 81,82 From an intersex perspective, the LGBT movement appears preoccupied with identity and relationship recognition, without recognition of bodily autonomy, and deeper challenges posed by sex and gender norms.…”

Section: Policy Disjunctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The human rights of intersex people: addressing harmful practices and rhetoric of change

Carpenter

2016

Reproductive Health Matters

108

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Intersex people and bodies have been considered incapable of integration into society. Medical interventions on often healthy bodies remain the norm, addressing perceived familial and cultural demands, despite concerns about necessity, outcomes, conduct and consent. A global and decentralised intersex movement pursues simple core goals: the rights to bodily autonomy and self-determination, and an end to stigmatisation. The international human rights system is responding with an array of new policy statements from human rights institutions and a handful of national governments recognising the rights of intersex people. However, major challenges remain to implement those statements. Human rights violations of intersex individuals persist, deeply embedded in a deliberate history of silencing. Rhetoric of change to clinical practices remain unsubstantiated. Policy disjunctions arise in a framing of intersex issues as matters of sexual orientation and gender identity, rather than innate sex characteristics; this has led to a rhetoric of inclusion that is not matched by the reality.This paper provides an overview of harmful practices on intersex bodies, human rights developments, and rhetorics of change and inclusion.

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The spectrum of sex development: Eric Vilain and the intersex controversy

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

A Profile of Gender-Based Violence Research in Europe: Findings From a Focused Mapping Review and Synthesis

A Profile of Gender-Based Violence Research in Europe: Findings From a Focused Mapping Review and Synthesis

Varianten der Geschlechtsentwicklung - ein klinisches und rechtliches Update

The human rights of intersex people: addressing harmful practices and rhetoric of change

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