The spinal course and distribution of fore and hind limb muscle afferent projections to the superior colliculus of the cat.

Abrahams, V. C.; Rose, P. K.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1975.sp010923

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This suggests that these SC neurons receive information about where the arm is going to be in this task (Werner et al, 1997;Stuphorn et al, 2000). Consistent with this observation, electrical stimulation of the forelimb and hindlimb muscle afferents in anesthetized monkeys resulted in firing of SC neurons at both short (20-50 msec) and long latencies (80-160 msec) (Abrahams and Rose, 1975;Abrahams et al, 1988). In behaving monkeys, SC neurons responding to the passive movement of the arm were much larger in number than those responding to cutaneous stimulation of the body surface (Nagy et al, 2006).…”

Section: Dsz Projections To the Midbrainsupporting

confidence: 59%

Descending projections from the dysgranular zone of rat primary somatosensory cortex processing deep somatic input

Lee

Kim

2012

J of Comparative Neurology

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In the mammalian somatic system, peripheral inputs from cutaneous and deep receptors ascend via different subcortical channels and terminate in largely separate regions of the primary somatosensory cortex (SI). How these inputs are processed in SI and then projected back to the subcortical relay centers is critical for understanding how SI may regulate somatic information processing in the subcortex. Although it is now relatively well understood how SI cutaneous areas project to the subcortical structures, little is known about the descending projections from SI areas processing deep somatic input. We examined this issue by using the rodent somatic system as a model. In rat SI, deep somatic input is processed mainly in the dysgranular zone (DSZ) enclosed by the cutaneous barrel subfields. By using biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) as anterograde tracer, we characterized the topography of corticostriatal and corticofugal projections arising in the DSZ. The DSZ projections terminate mainly in the lateral subregions of the striatum that are also known as the target of certain SI cutaneous areas. This suggests that SI processing of deep and cutaneous information may be integrated, to a certain degree, in this striatal region. By contrast, at both thalamic and prethalamic levels as far as the spinal cord, descending projections from DSZ terminate in areas largely distinguishable from those that receive input from SI cutaneous areas. These subcortical targets of DSZ include not only the sensory but also motor-related structures, suggesting that SI processing of deep input may engage in regulating somatic and motor information flow between the cortex and periphery.

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Section: Dsz Projections To the Midbrainsupporting

confidence: 59%

Descending projections from the dysgranular zone of rat primary somatosensory cortex processing deep somatic input

Lee

Kim

2012

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…There is, however, no doubt that deep receptors in the limbs project to the superior colliculus. Earlier experiments (Abrahams & Rose, 1975b) based on electrical stimulation of forelimb nerves showed that virtually all receptors served by myelinated fibres may contribute to the input. The same series of experiments showed that hindlimb input to the superior colliculus comes from receptors supplied by the smaller myelinated fibres.…”

Section: Deep Receptors and The Superior Colliculusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatosensory projections to the superior colliculus of the anaesthetized cat.

Abrahams¹,

Clinton²,

Downey³

1988

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Experiments in anaesthetized cats have shown that the superior colliculus receives deep afferent input from the forelimb and hindlimb, but not from the large superficial neck muscles.2. Neuronal activity in the superior colliculus is readily elicited by electrical stimulation of C2 and C3 cutaneous nerves. A significant proportion of neurones so activated have multiple receptive fields and some with no identifiable receptive fields in regions innervated by C2 and C3 nerves have receptive fields elsewhere on the body surface. Many collicular neurones activated by C2 and C3 stimulation had no identifiable receptive fields.3. Natural stimuli to the limbs, hitherto believed to activate only cutaneous receptors, are sufficient to activate deep receptors which contribute to the neuronal responses in the superior colliculus elicited by the natural stimulus. These same natural stimuli set up transmitted vibration adequate to excite receptors some distance from the applied stimulus.4. No evidence was found for a rigorous somatotopy in the superior colliculus. The great majority of neurones received trigeminal input which is widely distributed throughout the superior colliculus.5. Tactile stimuli to the face are most effective in eliciting unit activity in the superior colliculus and many neurones activated by these stimuli were shown to be tectospinal neurones. In particular, the specialized receptors of the face, including the glabrous skin of the snout (the planum nasale) and the vibrissae, are major sources of input to collicular neurones including tectospinal neurones.6. It is suggested that a major role of the superior colliculus is in the organization of head movements associated with the use of the specialized receptor organs of the face in exploratory behaviours. The superior colliculus may also be involved in the organization of aversion movements of the head.

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“…to peripheral nerve stimulation are reduced when a brief stimulus train is employed (cf. Abrahams & Rose, 1975b). To establish thresholds, the stimulus consisted of a train of four 50 ,csec impulses at 2 msec intervals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…to peripheral nerve stimulation are reduced when a brief stimulus train is employed (cf. Abrahams & Rose, 1975b Unit response in the superior colliculus to the electrical stimulation of nerves tends to have a variable latency, particularly when the stimulus strength is close to threshold and it was a common finding that the latency then increased. Where latencies are reported, they are the elapsed time 394 NECK MUSCLES AND SUPERIOR COLLICULUS between the delivery of the first stimulus pulse in a train and the onset of consistent discharge where a suprathreshold stimulus strength (usually 10 x threshold) was used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nature of afferents from the large dorsal neck muscles that project to the superior colliculus in the cat.

Abrahams¹,

Turner²

1981

The Journal of Physiology

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1. A 3.5‐5 mm passive stretch of dorsal neck muscles at velocities of 50 mm/sec, a stimulus adequate to excite most neck muscle spindles, was usually ineffective in eliciting unit discharge in the superior colliculus. The sudden release of muscle tension was effective and excited fifty‐seven of sixty‐seven units tested. 2. When electrical stimulation of neck muscle nerves was used, a stimulus strength sufficient to excite Group III muscle afferents was usually required to elicit unit discharge in the superior colliculus. 3. It is concluded that the projection from neck muscles to the superior colliculus largely takes origin in Group III afferent whose function remains to be determined. Some contribution to the projection to the superior colliculus from proprioceptive afferents served by larger fibres cannot be ruled out.

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The spinal course and distribution of fore and hind limb muscle afferent projections to the superior colliculus of the cat.

Cited by 28 publications

References 18 publications

Descending projections from the dysgranular zone of rat primary somatosensory cortex processing deep somatic input

Descending projections from the dysgranular zone of rat primary somatosensory cortex processing deep somatic input

Somatosensory projections to the superior colliculus of the anaesthetized cat.

The nature of afferents from the large dorsal neck muscles that project to the superior colliculus in the cat.

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