The Static and Dynamic Sensitivity of Magnetostrictive Bioinspired Whisker Sensor

Zhao, Ran; Yuan, Qingjie; Yan, Jianwei; Lu, Qanguo

doi:10.1155/2018/2591080

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A beam that is made from aluminum or other construction materials changes shape due to bending, and therefore one side of the beam experiences tensile stresses while the opposite one experiences compression. Magnetoelastic ribbons or wires are anchored to the beam's surface and therefore are used as tensile or compressive force sensors that relate the tensile or compressive stress to the bending of the beam, which is proportional to the applied force [21]. Such systems are also used for structural health monitoring of cantilever beams because the vibration modes of beams change when cracks and holes start to form in the beam [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving Signal and Geometry Analysis of a Magnetoelastic Bending Mode Pressductor Type Sensor

Gans,

Molnár,

Kováč

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The paper deals with a brief overview of magnetoelastic sensors and magnetoelastic sensors used in general for sensing bending forces, either directly or sensing bent structures, and defines the current state of the art. Bulk magnetoelastic force sensors are usually manufactured from transformer sheets or amorphous alloys. In praxis, usually, a compressive force is sensed by bulk magnetoelastic sensors; however, in this paper, the sensor is used for the measurement of bending forces, one reason being that the effect of such forces is easily experimentally tested, whereas compressive forces acting on a single sheet make buckling prevention a challenge. The measurement of the material characteristics that served as inputs into a FEM simulation model of the sensor is presented and described. The used material was considered to be mechanically and magnetically isotropic and magnetically nonlinear, even though the real sheet showed anisotropic behavior to some degree. A sinusoidal magnetizing current waveform was used in the experimental part of this paper, which was created by a current source. The effects of various frequencies, amplitudes, and sensor geometries were tested. The experimental part of this paper studies the sensors’ RMS voltage changes to different loadings that bend the sheet out of its plane. The output voltage was the induced voltage in the secondary coil and was further analyzed to compute the linearity and sensitivity of the sensor at the specific current characteristic. It was found that for the given material, the most favorable operating conditions are obtained with higher frequency signals and higher excitation current amplitudes. The linearity of the sensor can be improved by placing the holes of the windings at different angles than 90° and by placing them further apart along the sheet’s length. The current source was created by a simple op-amp voltage-to-current source controlled by a signal generator, which created a stable waveform. It was found that transformer sheet bending sensors with the dimensions described in this paper are suitable for the measurement of small forces in the range of up to 2 N for the shorter sensors and approximately 0.2 N for the longer sensors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving Signal and Geometry Analysis of a Magnetoelastic Bending Mode Pressductor Type Sensor

Gans,

Molnár,

Kováč

et al. 2023

Sensors

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“…In these studies, the whisker's magnetoelastic bending model and design optimization problems (the location of the bias magnetic field and the relation between sensor sensitivity and beam thickness [15,16]) were investigated; however, the dynamic performance (such as dynamic sensitivity and resolution) has not been studied yet. In [17], we discussed the influence of frequency on the sensitivity of the magnetostrictive whisker, but the mapping relation between the vibration frequency and whisker response is still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Frequency on the Resolution of Magnetostrictive Bio-Inspired Whisker Sensors

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2018

Journal of Sensors

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Magnetostrictive biomimetic whiskers have been used as tactile and flow sensors. Compared to other types of whiskers, such whiskers have the advantage of being able to perform static and dynamic measurements. For dynamic measurement, the whisker’s resolution changes with varying vibration frequency; however, the mechanism for this influence has not been studied yet. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the resolution–frequency correlation. First, the structure and operation principle of the whisker were analyzed. Then, the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory was employed to establish the sensing model of the magnetostrictive whisker. Finally, the mapping relationship between sensor resolution and frequency was obtained. The eigenfrequency analysis was implemented by FEM to obtain the frequency response of the whisker. A vibration experimental system was built for dynamic testing. The experimental results were in good agreement with the theoretical calculations. Furthermore, it was noted that the resolution was positively correlated with frequency, and the maximum resolution was attained at the natural frequency (two peak values appeared at the first-order and second-order eigenfrequencies). Our research reveals the manner in which a whisker sensor’s resolution is affected by the vibration frequency. The theoretical model can be used to predict the resolution of magnetostrictive whisker sensors.

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“…Until now, the reported bioinspired whiskers include capacitive whisker, piezoelectric whisker, elastic whisker, and magnetostrictive whisker [ 6 – 11 ]. Wherein, magnetostrictive whisker shows the advantages of working under static or low-frequency conditions [ 12 , 13 ], comparing to piezoelectric and capacitive whiskers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetostrictive Bioinspired Whisker Sensor Based on Galfenol Composite Cantilever Beam Realizing Bidirectional Tactile Perception

Zhao

Cao

2018

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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A magnetostrictive bioinspired whisker sensor based on a galfenol/beryllium-bronze/galfenol composite cantilever beam was developed in this work. According to the new design concept, the proposed whisker can output positive and negative voltages under different bending directions. Besides, the proposed whisker sensor can realize the bidirectional distance and microforce perception. Using the classical beam theory, a theoretical model was used to predict the output performance of the whisker. An experimental system was established to test the whisker's output performance. In the experiment, the designed whisker, compared with a traditional unimorph whisker, displayed an output voltage range of −240 to 240 mV. The parameters were as follows: the distance was 0–22 mm, with the microforce sensing range of 9.8–2744 mN, the average distance was 10.90 mm/mV, and the force sensitivity was 11.4 mN/mV. At last, obstacle perception was applied. The experiment showed that the proposed whisker sensor can realize the bidirection tactile perception in one-dimensional space. The work expands the function of the magnetostrictive bioinspired whisker, acquiring the multi-information for single-sensor system.

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The Static and Dynamic Sensitivity of Magnetostrictive Bioinspired Whisker Sensor

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Driving Signal and Geometry Analysis of a Magnetoelastic Bending Mode Pressductor Type Sensor

Driving Signal and Geometry Analysis of a Magnetoelastic Bending Mode Pressductor Type Sensor

Influence of Frequency on the Resolution of Magnetostrictive Bio-Inspired Whisker Sensors

Magnetostrictive Bioinspired Whisker Sensor Based on Galfenol Composite Cantilever Beam Realizing Bidirectional Tactile Perception

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