The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: Guidelines for Reporting Observational Studies

Elm, Erik von; Altman, Douglas G.; Egger, Matthias; Pocock, Stuart J.; Gøtzsche, Peter C; Vandenbroucke, Jan P.

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010

Cited by 6,120 publications

(3,307 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…24 All statistical significance was based on two-tailed tests and p values ≤ 0.050. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.3 [SAS System for Windows, version 9.3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet Drink Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Report from the Women’s Health Initiative

et al. 2014

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BACKGROUND: Data are limited regarding the influence of diet drink consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between diet drink intake and cardiovascular events. DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective cohort study, utilizing data from the national, multicenter Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI OS), recruiting subjects from 1993 to 1998. PATIENTS: Post-menopausal women with available diet drink intake data, without pre-existing CVD and who survived ≥ 60 days were included in the study. MAIN MEAURES: A composite of incident coronary heart disease, heart failure, myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization procedure, ischemic stroke, peripheral arterial disease and CVD death was used as the primary outcome. CVD death and all-cause mortality were secondary outcomes. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare primary and secondary outcomes across diet drink intake strata. KEY RESULTS: In all, 59,614 women, mean age 62.8 years, were included for analysis. In unadjusted analysis over a follow-up of 8.7±2.7 years, the primary outcome occurred in 8.5 % of the women consuming ≥ 2 diet drinks/day, compared to 6.9 %, 6.8 % and 7.2 % in the 5-7/week, 1-4/week and 0-3/month groups, respectively. After controlling for other CVD risk factors, women who consumed ≥ 2 drinks/day had a higher adjusted risk of CVD events (HR 1.3, 95 % CI 1.1-1.5), CVD mortality (HR 1.5, 95 % CI 1.03-2.3) and overall mortality (HR 1.3, 95 % CI 1.04-1.5) compared to the reference group (0-3 drinks/month). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis demonstrates an association between high diet drink intake and CVD outcomes and mortality in post-menopausal women in the WHI OS.

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“…24 All statistical significance was based on two-tailed tests and p values ≤ 0.050. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.3 [SAS System for Windows, version 9.3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet Drink Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Report from the Women’s Health Initiative

et al. 2014

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“…This study was approved by the ethics committee of the faculty of the Kyushu University (number 27–71). Data were collected, analyzed, and reported in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines [15]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of oral microbiota and acetaldehyde production

Yokoyama

Takeuchi

Shibata

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Background: Neisseria has been reported to be a high producer of acetaldehyde (ACH), a carcinogen, from ethanol in vitro, but no information exists regarding whether the ACH production depends on oral microbiota profiles.Objective and Design: To explore the salivary microbiota profiles with respect to ACH production ability in the oral cavity using a cross-sectional design.Results: Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we classified 100 saliva samples into two types of communities (I and II). Salivary ACH production ability from ethanol was measured using gas chromatography and was found to vary over a 30-fold range. ACH production ability was significantly higher in the type I community, wherein the relative abundance of Neisseria species was significantly lower. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the subjects with the type I community exhibited significantly higher probability of high ACH production ability than those with the type II community (P = 0.014). Moreover, the relative abundance of Neisseria species was inversely correlated with the ACH production ability (P = 0.002).Conclusion: The salivary microbiota profile with a lower relative abundance of Neisseria species was independently associated with high ACH production ability, despite Neisseria species are dominant producers of ACH in vitro.

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“…The quality of the reporting of the included studies was assessed using the 22 items recommended by the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement [11]. Items fulfilling the STROBE statement were considered positive and items not fulfilling the statement were as-considered negative.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors and correlates of adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) for chronic HIV infection: a meta-analysis

Langebeek

Gisolf

Reiss

et al. 2014

BMC Med

359

132

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BackgroundAdherence to combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a key predictor of the success of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment, and is potentially amenable to intervention. Insight into predictors or correlates of non-adherence to ART may help guide targets for the development of adherence-enhancing interventions. Our objective was to review evidence on predictors/correlates of adherence to ART, and to aggregate findings into quantitative estimates of their impact on adherence.MethodsWe searched PubMed for original English-language papers, published between 1996 and June 2014, and the reference lists of all relevant articles found. Studies reporting on predictors/correlates of adherence of adults prescribed ART for chronic HIV infection were included without restriction to adherence assessment method, study design or geographical location. Two researchers independently extracted the data from the same papers. Random effects models with inverse variance weights were used to aggregate findings into pooled effects estimates with 95% confidence intervals. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was used as the common effect size. The impact of study design features (adherence assessment method, study design, and the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI) of the country in which the study was set) was investigated using categorical mixed effects meta-regression.ResultsIn total, 207 studies were included. The following predictors/correlates were most strongly associated with adherence: adherence self-efficacy (SMD = 0.603, P = 0.001), current substance use (SMD = -0.395, P = 0.001), concerns about ART (SMD = -0.388, P = 0.001), beliefs about the necessity/utility of ART (SMD = 0.357, P = 0.001), trust/satisfaction with the HIV care provider (SMD = 0.377, P = 0.001), depressive symptoms (SMD = -0.305, P = 0.001), stigma about HIV (SMD = -0.282, P = 0.001), and social support (SMD = 0.237, P = 0.001). Smaller but significant associations were observed for the following being prescribed a protease inhibitor-containing regimen (SMD = -0.196, P = 0.001), daily dosing frequency (SMD = -0.193, P = 0.001), financial constraints (SMD -0.187, P = 0.001) and pill burden (SMD = -0.124, P = 0.001). Higher trust/satisfaction with the HIV care provider, a lower daily dosing frequency, and fewer depressive symptoms were more strongly related with higher adherence in low and medium HDI countries than in high HDI countries.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that adherence-enhancing interventions should particularly target psychological factors such as self-efficacy and concerns/beliefs about the efficacy and safety of ART. Moreover, these findings suggest that simplification of regimens might have smaller but significant effects.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12916-014-0142-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: Guidelines for Reporting Observational Studies

Cited by 6,120 publications

References 27 publications

Diet Drink Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Report from the Women’s Health Initiative

Diet Drink Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Report from the Women’s Health Initiative

Characterization of oral microbiota and acetaldehyde production

Predictors and correlates of adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) for chronic HIV infection: a meta-analysis

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