“…In one study, a Lactobacillus -fermented Chamaecyparis obtusa leaf extract was reported to have a great effect on inflammatory markers, such as IL-8, IL-1, and NF- κ B [ 28 ]. Also, previous studies reported that essential oil and juice could alleviate acne vulgaris based on their antibacterial effect [ 49 , 50 ]. In our study, results showed that bergamot essential oil, bergamot juice, sweet orange essential oil, and sweet orange juice could reduce the levels of IL-6, TNF- α , MMP-2, MMP-9, and especially IL-1 α , indicating that bergamot essential oil, bergamot juice, sweet orange essential oil, and sweet orange juice could improve acne vulgaris through alleviating inflammatory response and suppressing P. acnes in golden hamsters (Figures 4 and 5 ).…”