The Study of Cutaneous Melanomas in Camargue‐Type Gray‐Skinned Horses (1): Clinical–Pathological Characterization

Fleury, C; Bérard, Frédéric; Balme, B.; Thomas, Luc

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0749.2000.130108.x

Cited by 70 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…There are many aspects that differ significantly from human melanoma. One unique trait of EMM seems to be the lack of junctional activity in the grey horse EMM (Fleury et al 2000a, Seltenhammer et al 2003. Another dissimilar characteristic is the responsibility of UV exposure for some mutations causing melanoma in humans, and a further difference between EMM and human malignant melanoma clearly is the aggressiveness of the neoplastic growth.…”

Section: Nature Of Emmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite their initially slow invasive growth, they frequently metastasize later (Baker and Leyland 1975, Valentine 1995, Fleury et al 2000a, Smith et al 2002. For further information on clinical signs and conventional therapeutic options, the reader is referred to recent extensive reviews on the matter (Metcalfe et al 2013, Moore et al 2013, Phillips and Lembkke 2013, Cavalleri et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prospect for immunological therapies of the equine malignant melanoma

Cavalleri¹,

Mählmann²,

Schuberth³

et al. 2015

PHK

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Summary: Although equine melanocytic neoplasms occur frequently, at least in grey horses, their existence is neglected frequently, despite their potentially severe clinical consequences. Immune-based therapies have been investigated in human metastatic melanoma and offer encouraging results. Researchers have recently begun to explore the immunological approach in equine malignant melanoma (EMM) with some success. Therefore, this review aims at giving a short overview of the nature of EMM and providing insight into the immunological basis of melanocytic neoplasms in general. Equine malignant melanoma is a true neoplasm with a genetic basis. Initially they show a slow invasive growth, but they have the potential to metastasize. EMM and human malignant melanomas share various common histopathologic features. For the immune system eradication of the tumor is a challenge. Although solid tumors are often infiltrated with immune cells, they usually do not induce a significant tumor remission. The antitumoral immune response depends on factors of the innate immune system interacting in a coordinated fashion with the adaptive immune system. Antigen-presenting cells, neutrophilic granulocytes, and lymphoid cells may elicit antitumoral effects. This innate response precedes a downstream antigen-specific response. In the tumor microenvironment of solid tumors immune suppressive factors can induce immune escape mechanisms of the tumors. Immunological therapies of EMM include blockage of histamine 2 receptors on melanoma cells and lymphocytes, cancer vaccines and gene therapeutic approaches. This article focuses on the immunological therapeutic approach of EMM and gives an outlook on future implications.

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Section: Nature Of Emmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospect for immunological therapies of the equine malignant melanoma

Cavalleri¹,

Mählmann²,

Schuberth³

et al. 2015

PHK

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“…Vostry et al (2012b) studied the occurrence of dermal melanoma within the breed and reported that the white colour in greying white horses, one of the basic colour varieties in breed, is a result of progressive greying that is the loss of coat pigmentation with age. Increased susceptibility to dermal melanoma has been associated with greying of white horses by Fleury et al (2000) and Heizerling et al (2001).…”

Section: Horsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in cattle, pig, sheep and horse breeding - a review

et al. 2014

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The aim of this review was to summarize new genetic approaches and techniques in the breeding of cattle, pigs, sheep and horses. Often production and reproductive traits are treated separately in genetic evaluations, but advantages may accrue to their joint evaluation. A good example is the system in pig breeding. Simplified breeding objectives are generally no longer appropriate and consequently becoming increasingly complex. The goal of selection for improved animal performance is to increase the profit of the production system; therefore, economic selection indices are now used in most livestock breeding programmes. Recent developments in dairy cattle breeding have focused on the incorporation of molecular information into genetic evaluations and on increasing the importance of longevity and health in breeding objectives to maximize the change in profit. For a genetic evaluation of meat yield (beef, pig, sheep), several types of information can be used, including data from performance test stations, records from progeny tests and measurements taken at slaughter. The standard genetic evaluation method of evaluation of growth or milk production has been the multi-trait animal model, but a test-day model with random regression is becoming the new standard, in sheep as well. Reviews of molecular genetics and pedigree analyses for performance traits in horses are described. Genome -wide selection is becoming a world standard for dairy cattle, and for other farm animals it is under development.

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“…Increased susceptibility to dermal melanoma has been proved in greying white horses (Fleury et al, 2000a;Heizerling et al, 2001). Dermal melanoma usually occurs in a greying white horse at 5-6 years of age (Jeglum, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Horses were older than eight years in all cases. Typical sites of melanoma occurrence in white horses are the region under the tail, perianal and anal regions, perineal region, udder, prepuce, lips and eyelids and surrounding tissues, and auricles (Fleury et al, 2000a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of genetic parameters for melanoma in the Old Kladruber horse

Vostrý¹,

Hofmanová²,

Vydrová³

et al. 2012

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of melanoma to investigate a possible genetic variation of this trait in the Old Kladruber horse. A total of 564 grey varieties of the Old Kladruber horse, 238 males and 326 females, with five generations of ancestors (n = 1245 animals) were analysed. Melanoma status was recorded for different stages. Three different analyses were conducted: a linear animal model (LM) with melanoma classified into five categories, threshold animal model (TM) with melanoma classified into five categories and threshold animal model (TMb) with melanoma classified into two categories (0 = absence, 1 = presence). All models included the fixed effects of year of evaluation, age, line, sex, greying level, random direct genetic effect, and the effect of animal's permanent environment. Heritability for melanoma occurrence was estimated for LM -0.09, for TM -0.27, and for TMb -0.11. The coefficient of repeatability was estimated for LM -0.77, for TM -0.90, and for TMb -0.99. The values of the Pearson's correlation coefficient and Spearmen's rank correlation coefficient among breeding values estimated by LM, TM, and TMb models were from 0.82 to 0.88 and from 0.83 to 0.90, respectively, for data with pedigree information and from 0.77 to 0.84 and 0.77 to 0.88, respectively, for a subset of animals with measurements. Results suggest that additive genetic variation of melanoma occurrence in the Old Kladruber horse seems large enough to be exploited in a specific breeding programme.

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The Study of Cutaneous Melanomas in Camargue‐Type Gray‐Skinned Horses (1): Clinical–Pathological Characterization

Cited by 70 publications

References 14 publications

Prospect for immunological therapies of the equine malignant melanoma

Prospect for immunological therapies of the equine malignant melanoma

Recent developments in cattle, pig, sheep and horse breeding - a review

Estimation of genetic parameters for melanoma in the Old Kladruber horse

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