The interaction of a drug with blood components influences its bioavailability and can affect the functions of several biomolecules.1) Clinical effect of the plasmatic level of a drug is an important pharmacological parameter determined by drug absorption, distribution and elimination. Serum albumins, the most abundant proteins in circulatory system of a wide variety of organisms, have been well studied for many years. They account for about 60% of the total protein corresponding to a concentration of 42 g l Ϫ1 2,3) and provide about 80% of osmotic pressure of blood.2) Albumins have been used as a model protein for diverse biophysical, biochemical and physicochemical studies 3) to gain general fundamental insights into drug-protein binding. The remarkable binding properties of albumin accounts for the central role it can play in both the efficacy and rate of delivery of drugs. Several classes of drugs including tranquillizers, anti-coagulants and general anesthetics are transported in the blood while bound to albumin. This kind of work has stimulated many researchers to carry out the research on the nature of the drug binding sites and investigations of whether natural metabolites, drugs and fatty acids compete with one another for binding to the protein. 4) These results provide salient information of the structural features that determine the therapeutic effectiveness of drugs, and hence become an important research field in chemistry, life sciences and clinical medicine. 1,[4][5][6][7][8] Two common methods that have been used in evaluating the binding of drugs to albumin include equilibrium dialysis and ultrafiltration.9,10) These methods are laborious and time consuming and the results at times are not reproducible. However, these conventional methods are often inapplicable to the analyses of strongly bound drugs because of technical problems such as drug adsorption on the membrane and the leakage of bound drug through membrane. To overcome these problems, we have employed fluorimetric, lifetime measurements, absorption and circular dichroism methods to investigate the mode of binding of NIM with BSA in the present investigation.Nimesulide (NIM), chemically N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl) methanesulphonamide, is a relatively new non-steroidal antiinflammatory (NSAID), antipyretic and analgesic drug.
11)It is widely used for the treatment of inflammatory conditions associated with rheumatoid arthritis, respiratory tract infections, soft tissue and oral cavity inflammations. The therapeutic effect of NSAIDs is the result of their ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis via inhibition of cyclooxigenase. The analgesic potency of NIM is similar to that of ibuprofen and indomethacin. Nonetheless, NIM has shown a higher antipyretic potency relatively than indomethacin, ibuprofen, aspirin and paracetamol. Because of its biological importance, we thought of investigating the mechanism of binding of NIM with BSA by fluorescence, UV-visible absorption, circular dichroism and fluorescence lifetime measurements. The ener...