The Subspecies Concept in Zoology and Anthropology

Keita, S. O. Y.

doi:10.1177/002193479302300309

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In this context it is interesting to note that the CFA denotes cat breeds as subspecies of Felis catus (FAO, 2012;CFA, 2018). However, the terms "cultivar" (Bailey, 1923), "race" (Keita, 1993;Keita et al, 2004;Mayr, 2002;Patten, 2009), "variety" (Kapadia, 1963), and "subspecies" (Mayr, 1982;Patten, 2010Patten, , 2015 also do not have generally accepted definitions and are, therefore, still under debate. Mayr (2003) writes that even the term "species" is still under debate.…”

Section: Visualmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible mathematical definitions of the biological term “breed”

Langer¹

2018

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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Abstract. For scientific discussions it is necessary to clearly define the terms used. Otherwise, scientific statements are open to interpretation and remain unclear which hampers scientific progress. A clear specification of scientific terms can be reached using tools such as mathematical definitions. So far, the biological term “breed” lacks a mathematical definition. Based on common biological literature, four mathematical definitions of the term “breed” for gonochoric species are proposed in this paper. These definitions were tested on the dog breed “whippet”. It was discussed if bully whippets and their offspring can be considered to be part of the whippet dog breed. Although all mathematical definitions proposed are consistent with common word-based definitions, the results of the bully whippet test differ. According to two definitions bully whippets may be considered part of the whippet breed. However, according to the other definitions bully whippets are not part of the whippet breed. Under certain conditions the introduced mathematical structure may also be used to define other biological terms like “variety” or “species”.

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Section: Visualmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible mathematical definitions of the biological term “breed”

Langer¹

2018

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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“…Historically, various conceptualizations of "race" 1 as corresponding to or capturing population structure or taxonomic categories among a group of individuals who share ancestry have been proposed; these are often used as synonyms for "subspecies" when applied to human taxonomy (e.g., Garn, 1961). The application of such concepts to humans has nevertheless proven highly controversial (Keita, 1993, cf. Sesardić, 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Meta-Analysis of the “Erasing Race” Effect in the United States and Some Theoretical Considerations

Heeney

Peñaherrera-Aguirre

Sarraf³

et al. 2020

Front. Psychol.

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The "erasing race" effect is the reduction of the salience of "race" as an alliance cue when recalling coalition membership, once more accurate information about coalition structure is presented. We conducted a random-effects model meta-analysis of this effect using five United States studies (containing nine independent effect sizes). The effect was found (ρ = 0.137, K = 9, 95% CI = 0.085 to 0.188). However, no decline effect or moderation effects were found (a "decline effect" in this context would be a decrease in the effect size over time). Furthermore, we found little evidence of publication bias. Synthetically correcting the effect size for bias stemming from the use of an older method for calculating error base rates reduced the magnitude of the effect, but the it remained significant. Taken together, these findings indicate that the "erasing race" effect generalizes quite well across experimental contexts and would, therefore, appear to be quite robust. We reinterpret the theoretical basis for these effects in line with Brunswikian evolutionary-developmental theory and present a series of predictions to guide future research in this area.

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“…Discussions about the existence of races in extant Homo sapiens occurred later in Current Anthropology from 1962 to 1964. A careful examination of the discourse on race suggests that there is mis-communication: different usage of the term exist (see also Gordon 1965, Keita 1993, which reflects a melange of old science, so-cial practice, and their entwined histories. Hence there is much confusion.…”

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confidence: 99%