The summation of generalized reactive tendencies.

An analysis of summated generalization.

“…The t was significant at the .01 level for Gn, at the .05 level for Ge, but was not significant for G 2 . These results compare closely with those obtained for the summated gradients of Bilodeau, Brown, and Meryman (1956); of Kalish and Guttman (1957); and of Carterette (1961).…”

“…The salient features of the summated gradients of the three groups of the present study compare well with those obtained by the three groups of Carterette's (1961) study. Furthermore, there appears to be no serious inconsistency between the present findings and those obtained by Bilodeau, Brown, and Meryman (1956), and by the pigeon study of Kalish and Guttman (1957). Thus, it seems appropriate to assume that the present summated gradients, based on training of two different responses at two points on the continuum, are in all important respects similar to those which would have obtained if only one response were trained to the two points.…”

“…over that expected from either simple gradient considered alone. This prediction has been confirmed by Bilodeau, Brown, and Meryman (1956); Kalish and Guttman (1957);and Carterette (1961). However, whether a response tendency at an intermediate test stimulus can reach a higher level than that at training stimuli apparently is still an open question.…”

“…Evidence supporting the phenomenon of summated generalization has appeared in several investigations, notably those of Bilodeau, Brown, and Meryman (1956); Kalish and Guttman (1957); and Carterette (1961). The procedure employed in these studies involved the reinforcement of a response at two points of a dimension followed by tests for generalization of this response to other points along the dimension.…”

Resposta de observação e generalização de estímulos

“…Nestas condições observou-se que as maiores porcentagens de respostas se concentraram nos estímulos de 450 e 2500 Hz formando um gradiente de generalização com aspecto bimodal, assim como previamente observado por Bilodeau, Brown, & Meryman (1956) e Kalish e Guttman (1957). A formação de gradientes de generalização em forma de cunha foi interpretada como decorrente do estabelecimento de controle discriminativo dos tons sobre a resposta operante.…”