The Supply of Off‐Farm Labor: A Random Coefficients Approach

Lass, Daniel A.; Gempesaw, Conrado M.

doi:10.2307/1242494

Cited by 60 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Rasheed, Rodriguez and Garnaut (1998) found that education levels tended to be higher for Australian farmers with o-farm employment in 1996±1997, with almost half of the females being in professional occupations. This positive correlation between education and o-farm employment is also supported in the literature (Gunter and McNamara 1990;Lass and Gempesaw 1992).…”

Section: Model Estimationsupporting

confidence: 79%

Determinants of non‐farm labour participation rates among farmers in Australia

Lim-Applegate¹,

Rodriguez

Olfert

2002

Aus J Agri & Res Econ

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In recent decades, non-farm employment has become prevalent and an important source of income for Australian farm families. However, models identifying the relative signi®cance of the socioeconomic variables in¯uencing non-farm employment participation rates have never been estimated in Australia. In this paper, a bivariate probit model of non-farm employment participation rates was estimated, using information from the Australian Bureau of Agricultural Resource Economics (ABARE) 1994±1995 surveys. It was found that the participation decision of the farm operator and spouse is likely to be jointly determined, that non-farm employment participation increased at a declining rate with age among farmers and that university education enhances the participation rates particularly among spouses. Participation rates were also higher among spouses with lower other income and with no dependent children.

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Section: Model Estimationsupporting

confidence: 79%

Determinants of non‐farm labour participation rates among farmers in Australia

Lim-Applegate¹,

Rodriguez

Olfert

2002

Aus J Agri & Res Econ

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“…A 1999 study by Korb shows that younger, better-educated farmers and spouses are most likely to work off farm. In that the operator's age and education are both factors that are associated with offfarm employment have been empirically tested and supported in a number of studies (e.g., see Huffman, 1980;Huffman and Lange;Gould and Saupe;Lass, Findeis, and Hallberg;Gunter and McNamara;Lass and Gempesaw;Huffman and El-Osta;Corsi and Findeis;among others).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Off-Farm Labor Participation Decisions of Married Farm Couples and the Role of Government Payments

El‐Osta

Mishra

Morehart

2008

Rev Agricultural Economics

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The determinants of off-farm work by married farm couples are examined using data from the 2004 Agricultural Resource Management Survey and multinomial logistic regression. Expected government payment is found important in decreasing the likelihood of off-farm work strategies involving work by the husband only or by both husband and wife relative to a strategy of no work by either husband or wife. The marginal impact of government payments on the probability of the wife working off farm alone is found positive suggesting the possibility of nonpecuniary motives for off-farm employment for 21% of farm households in the selected weighted sample.A recently published report by Mishra et al. has repudiated the generally held belief that farm households are financially disadvantaged compared with other U.S. households. Two other important observations were noted. First, farm households are no different than other households in pursuing two careers and in diversifying earnings. Second, more than half of all U.S. farm operators work off farm (with 80% of these working full-time jobs) and nearly half of all spouses also are employed off the farm. Ahearn and El-Osta have remarked that off-farm work can no longer be viewed as a transitional position between agricultural and the industrial economy, but rather as a lifestyle choice, with farming as a second job or investment. The fact that nearly 80% of total household income originates from off-farm sources, with income from off-farm wages and salaries being the Hisham S. El-Osta is an economist

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“…Age represents the normal life cycle wage pattern (Gould and Saupe ) and is a proxy for the ‘experience’ component of human capital (Gunter and McNamara ). However, the literature has mainly found a nonlinear (hump‐shaped) effect of age on off‐farm work (Huffman ; Sumner ; Lass and Gempesaw ). The same effect is found for both developed (Gunter and McNamara ; Serra et al .…”

Section: Literature Survey and Hypotheses’ Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies, however, find an unambiguous negative relation between household income and off‐farm work in developed countries (Lass and Gempesaw ; Edmond and Crabtree ; Tavernier et al . ; Serra et al .…”

Section: Literature Survey and Hypotheses’ Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farm and farmer characteristics and off‐farm work: evidence from Algeria

Bouchakour

Saad

2019

Aus J Agri & Res Econ

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Off‐farm work is a widespread, two‐edged, phenomenon that can help both the survival and the demise of small‐ and medium‐sized agricultural exploitations. Given the prevalence of poverty in rural areas, nonfarm income has been credited with helping farmers to survive. But the observed shrinking of rural areas has also raised the question of whether off‐farm work is pulling farmers permanently away from farming. This paper explores the impact of farmer characteristics on the decision to work off‐farm in developing countries where this phenomenon has been largely neglected. A review of theory and prior empirical work suggests four main hypotheses which we test empirically. The results suggest that while some farmer characteristics appear to be universal, others appear to be country‐ or culture‐specific.

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The Supply of Off‐Farm Labor: A Random Coefficients Approach

Cited by 60 publications

References 16 publications

Determinants of non‐farm labour participation rates among farmers in Australia

Determinants of non‐farm labour participation rates among farmers in Australia

Off-Farm Labor Participation Decisions of Married Farm Couples and the Role of Government Payments

Farm and farmer characteristics and off‐farm work: evidence from Algeria

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