The susceptibility of type AISI 304 stainless steel to transgranular and intergranular SCC in 40% MgCl2 solution at 100°C

Manfredi, C.; Maier, I. A.; Galvele, J.R.

doi:10.1016/0010-938x(87)90057-6

Cited by 19 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…TGSCC was observed at strain rates slower than 10 −5 s −1 , while IGSCC was observed at higher strain rates in a boiling 42% MgCl 2 solution at 143 • C [56]. Predominantly, TGSCC was observed at a low-stress level (~150 MPa) at 143 • C. When the stress increased to 300 MPa, the fracture morphology transitioned to predominantly IGSCC [57]. The TGSCC was associated with anodic polarization of the sites, while the IGSCC was related to hydrogen fugacity due to cathodic polarization.…”

Section: Role Of Microstructuresmentioning

confidence: 96%

Chloride-Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking of Friction Stir-Welded 304L Stainless Steel: Effect of Microstructure and Temperature

Naskar,

Bhattacharyya,

Jana

et al. 2024

Crystals

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Dry storage canisters of used nuclear fuels are fabricated using SUS 304L stainless steel. Chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking (CISCC) is one of the major failure modes of dry storage canisters. The cracked canisters can be repaired by friction stir welding (FSW), a low-heat input ‘solid-phase’ welding process. It is important to evaluate the ClSCC resistance of the friction stir welded material. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) studies were carried out on mill-annealed base materials and friction stir welded 304L stainless U-bend specimens in 3.5% NaCl + 5 N H2SO4 solution at room temperature and boiling MgCl2 solution at 155 °C. The engineering stress on the outer fiber of the FSW U-bend specimen was ~60% higher than that of the base metal (BM). In spite of the higher stress level of the FSW, both materials (FSW and BM) showed almost similar SCC failure times in the two different test solutions. The SCC occurred in the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) of the FSW specimens in the 3.5% NaCl + 5 N H2SO4 solution at room temperature, while the stirred zone (SZ) was relatively crack-free. The failure occurred at the stirred zone when tested in the boiling MgCl2 solution. Hydrogen reduction was the cathodic reaction in the boiling MgCl2 solution, which promoted hydrogen-assisted cracking of the heavily deformed stirred zone. The emergence of the slip step followed by passive film rupture and dissolution of the slip step could be the SCC events in the 3.5% NaCl + 5 N H2SO4 solution at room temperature. However, the slip step height was not sufficient to cause passivity breakdown in the fine-grained SZ. Therefore, the SCC occurred in the partially recrystallized softer TMAZ. Overall, the friction-stirred 304L showed higher tolerance to ClSCC than the 304L base metal.

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Section: Role Of Microstructuresmentioning

confidence: 96%

Chloride-Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking of Friction Stir-Welded 304L Stainless Steel: Effect of Microstructure and Temperature

Naskar,

Bhattacharyya,

Jana

et al. 2024

Crystals

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“…For instance, the well known cracking susceptibility of mild steel in hydroxide, carbonate 1 bicarbonate, nitrate, phosphate and molybdate-containing solutions may be predicted to occur in the specific potential/pH ranges where the protective film is thermodynamically stable (13). very similar therrnodynamic arguments may be made fbr other systems, (e.g, brassfammoniacal solutions (14)), and may be extended to kinetic arguments (15)(16)(17) that the electrochemical reaction rates (e,g. dissolution or oxidation) at the strained crack tip must be significantly higher than those on the crack sides fbr an "electrochemical knife" (15) to propagate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantitative Prediction of Environmentally Assisted Cracking in Boiling Water Reactors

Ford

2001

Proceedings of the Asian Pacific Conference on Fracture and Strength and International Conference on Advanced Technology in Exp

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Genera] Eiectric Corporate R and D Center, Schenectady, New York12301, USA (Retired) Enyironmental]y-as.sisted cracking has presented a significant structural integrity problem in various industries including marine, petrochemica], aerospace and power generation, This may be agrib,uted to various factors, including inadequate data bases for engineering-based design criteria, and the complex interactions between the relevant material, stress and enviro{}mental conditions, which make it difficult to develop effective life prediction strategLes.This situation is offset by the increase in quantitative understanding of the mechanisms of cracking over the last 20 years. This paper reviews the role that such developments have had in mitigating the problem of stress corrosion and corrosion fatigue of ductile structural alloys in boi]ing water reactors (BWRs). These reactors have experienced cracking problems in austenitic and ferritic alloys in, for instance, piping, pressure vessels and in irradiated core internals. Emphasis in this paper wM be placed on describing, (a) the development and qua lification of a mechanistically-based prediction methodology fbr the releyant degradation mode and,(b) the use of such a qualified methodology for proactive, cost-effective, life-managementdecisions.

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ChemInform Abstract: The Susceptibility of Type AISI 304 Stainless Steel to Transgranular and Intergranular SCC in 40% MgCl2 Solution at 100 °C

1987

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019ChemInform Abstract has been studied using constant potential intermediate strain rate and slow strain rate techniques. Three different regions for SCC are found. Above -0.20 V (NHE) intergranular and transgranular cracks are observed. Below this potential no cracking is found in previously boiled MgCl2 solutions. Between -0.20 and -0.30 V only intergranular cracks are observed, and only if fresh or HCl acidified MgCl2 solutions are used. Below -0.30 V transgranular cracks are found again, which are attributed to the presence of high fugacity hydrogen in the metal. These results are consistent with the surface mobility SCC mechanism.

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The susceptibility of type AISI 304 stainless steel to transgranular and intergranular SCC in 40% MgCl2 solution at 100°C

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Chloride-Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking of Friction Stir-Welded 304L Stainless Steel: Effect of Microstructure and Temperature

Chloride-Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking of Friction Stir-Welded 304L Stainless Steel: Effect of Microstructure and Temperature

Quantitative Prediction of Environmentally Assisted Cracking in Boiling Water Reactors

ChemInform Abstract: The Susceptibility of Type AISI 304 Stainless Steel to Transgranular and Intergranular SCC in 40% MgCl2 Solution at 100 °C

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