The Sustainable Release of Vancomycin and Its Degradation Products From Nanostructured Collagen/Hydroxyapatite Composite Layers

Abstract

Infections of the musculoskeletal system present a serious problem with regard to the field of orthopedic and trauma medicine. The aim of the experiment described in this study was to develop a resorbable nanostructured composite layer with the controlled elution of antibiotics. The layer is composed of collagen, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, and vancomycin hydrochloride (10 wt%). The stability of the collagen was enhanced by means of cross-linking. Four cross-linking agents were studied, namely an ethanol solution, a phosphate buffer solution of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxysuccinimide, genipin, and nordihydroguaiaretic acid. High performance liquid chromatography was used so as to characterize the in vitro release rates of the vancomycin and its crystalline degradation antibiotically inactive products over a 21-day period. The maximum concentration of the released active form of vancomycin (approximately 265 mg/L) exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration up to an order of 17 times without triggering the burst releasing effect. At the end of the experiment, the minimum inhibitory concentration was exceeded by up to 6 times (approximately 100 mg/L). It was determined that the modification of collagen with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles does not negatively influence the sustainable release of vancomycin. The balance of vancomycin and its degradation products was observed after 14 days of incubation.

Vancomycin-releasing cross-linked collagen sponges as wound dressings

“…To date, the application of vancomycin-releasing collagen sponges as wound dressings has not been studied to any significant extent. Current approaches involve either the incorporation of other antibiotics into collagen sponges [1][2][3] or the use of vancomycin as one element of hydroxyapatite beads in the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries [4,5]. Moreover, various studies have described the administration of a vancomycin powder directly on surgical wounds so as to prevent wound infection following spinal, cardiac, or vascular surgery, with good effects [6,7].…”

“…Mammal collagens, such as calf or bovine, are the most used collagen types for biomaterial engineering [4,5].…”

Functionalization of PEO layer formed on Ti‐15Mo for biomedical application

“…The decrease in the vancomycin concentration could be related to its stability. Vancomycin can convert into its degradation products, which have a very similar chemical structure (Suchý et al, ). During our investigation, we did not observe the additional signals on the chromatograms (the DAD detector was used), thus we have concluded that the chemical structure of the vancomycin was not changed.…”

Review of the Applications of Biomedical Compositions Containing Hydroxyapatite and Collagen Modified by Bioactive Components

“…The increased effect was visible even after multiple bacterial inoculations. The ternary system containing hydroxyapatite, collagen, and vancomycin also seems to be an interesting solution [119][120][121]. For example, the purpose of the research of Egawa et al [122] was to determine the possibility of local antibiotic administration using the hydroxyapatite/collagen composite as a drug-delivery system.…”