The symbolization of central approximants in the IPA

Ball, Martin J.; Rahilly, Joan

doi:10.1017/s0025100311000107

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…These problems were addressed in Ball & Rahilly (2011), and a potential set of symbols was put forward. This set, modified to use reversed or turned symbols throughout, is also included in Ball, Rahilly & Lowry (2017).…”

Section: Transcribing the Approximant Versions Of Voiced Fricativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisions to the extIPA chart

Ball¹,

Howard²,

Miller³

2017

Journal of the International Phonetic Association

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This paper describes changes to the extIPA (Extensions to the IPA) symbol set, the motivation for these changes, and areas where future changes by the IPA might be helpful to clinical transcribers. The extIPA symbol set was introduced some twenty-five years ago. Since that time, some minor changes have been introduced to the extIPA chart but no major rearrangement has been attempted. The 2010 Oslo meeting of ICPLA (International Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics Association) started a revision of the extIPA chart, and this process was recently completed. A revised extIPA chart was approved at the 2016 ICPLA meeting. The revision involved the addition, modification and removal of categories and symbols. All changes derive from the need to denote sounds encountered in disordered speech that were not covered by the original chart.

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Section: Transcribing the Approximant Versions Of Voiced Fricativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisions to the extIPA chart

Ball¹,

Howard²,

Miller³

2017

Journal of the International Phonetic Association

Self Cite

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Persistent innovations and historical conspiracies as reanalysis and extension

Burns

2021

DIA

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This article explores temporally extended innovations as a form of phonological reanalysis and extension. Polabian (West Slavic) exhibits multiple dissimilatory innovations that target the reflexes of Late Common Slavic (LCS) *v/w. In this paper, I propose that the outputs of syllable structure changes in early West Slavic were reinterpreted as restrictions on the distribution of [w], thus introducing dissimilation to the language. The new grammar was not able to stop other innovations from occurring (prophylaxis) and instead restructured intermediate outputs from subsequent innovations into an acceptable phonetic form (repair) thereby extending dissimilation to new items. I demonstrate that (a) outputs of an earlier onset epenthesis grammar conform to the surface-true generalizations enforced by the reanalyzed dissimilation grammar and (b) a single grammar can account for both the dissimilation which developed during the West Slavic period and subsequent extensions which occurred after Polabian was fully differentiated from its relatives.

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Cross-dialectal synchronic variation of a diachronic conditioned merger in Tlingit

Cardoso

Crippen

Mellesmoen

2022

Linguistics Vanguard

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Crosslinguistically rare sounds may be uncommon as a result of being phonologically marked (Trubetzkoy 1939) or due to articulatory or perceptual biases (Maddieson 1998). Certain types of sound changes are often argued to have roots in articulatory and perceptual biases (Blevins 2004). But in cases where there is limited data available, such as with understudied languages, it may be difficult to find evidence for the roots of sound changes. Synchronic variation can be used to provide evidence for diachronic sound changes (Blevins 2004; Lindblom 1990; Ohala 1993), which is particularly useful when historical data is limited. In this investigation we discuss phonetic biases, including acoustic and perceptual factors, that contribute to a set of sound changes in Tlingit, a critically endangered Indigenous language of Alaska, British Columbia, and the Yukon, that resulted in a primary split-merger (Blust 2012). This investigation provides further support for including explicit discussion of synchronic variation as part of the description of understudied languages. We propose that there should be a stronger emphasis on documenting and analyzing variation within understudied languages because excluding variation potentially masks significant intralinguistic and crosslinguistic phenomena.

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The symbolization of central approximants in the IPA

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Revisions to the extIPA chart

Revisions to the extIPA chart

Persistent innovations and historical conspiracies as reanalysis and extension

Cross-dialectal synchronic variation of a diachronic conditioned merger in Tlingit

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