The synergistic effect of inflammation and metabolic syndrome on intraocular pressure

Lee, I-Te; Wang, Jun‐Sing; Fu, Chia-Po; Chang, Chia-Jen; Lee, Wen‐Jane; Lin, Shih‐Yi; Sheu, Wayne Huey‐Herng

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000007851

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Of these studies, 18 studies reported on the relationship between hyperlipidemia (hyperlipidemia or hypertriglyceridemia or hypercholesterolemia) and glaucoma, 7,8,32,34-39,44,45,47,48,50- 54 1 on blood highdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) level and glaucoma, 55 1 on hyperlipidemia and OHT, 42 5 on blood triglyceride level and IOP, 9,10,33,43,46 2 on blood HDL-c level and IOP, 10,43 2 on total cholesterol level and IOP, 43,46 1 on low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), 43 and 3 on hyperlipidemia and IOP. 40,41,49 When assessing the relationship between hyperlipidemia and glaucoma, four studies [34][35][36]39 reported on the association between both hypertriglyceridemia or hypercholesterolemia and glaucoma. We assumed that the hypercholesterolemia patients and the hypertriglyceridemia patients were the subjects of two separate studies.…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hyperlipidemia, Blood Lipid Level, and the Risk of Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis

Wang

Bao

2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. Previous studies reported that hyperlipidemia and blood lipid levels were associated with glaucoma, ocular hypertension (OHT), and intraocular pressure (IOP). However, studies aimed at investigating this association have yielded conflicting results. Therefore, to shed light on these inconclusive findings, we performed multiple distinct meta-analyses to clarify the association of hyperlipidemia and blood lipid levels with glaucoma, OHT, and IOP. METHODS. A systematic literature search from Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed was performed to identify relevant studies. To assess the association between hyperlipidemia and glaucoma, we used the pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). When we assessed the association between blood lipid levels and IOP levels, the pooled mean difference in IOP associated with a 10 mg/dL increase in the blood lipid level was estimated. The pooled difference in IOP was also estimated between patients with and without hyperlipidemia. All the papers that assessed the correlation between hyperlipidemia and glaucoma, between blood lipid levels and IOP levels, and between hyperlipidemia and IOP were included in this meta-analysis. RESULTS. We detected a marked association between hyperlipidemia and glaucoma (OR ¼ 1.37; 95% CI ¼ 1.16-1.61), with significant heterogeneity among studies. However, hyperlipidemia was not significantly associated with glaucoma in our analysis of only crosssectional studies, studies that reported only on hypercholesterolemia patients, studies that were conducted only in North America and Europe, or studies in which normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients were included only in the subgroup analyses. The pooled results showed that an increase of 10 mg/dL in blood triglyceride levels would increase the IOP by 0.016 mm Hg (95% CI ¼ 0.009-0.024), with evident heterogeneity between studies (P < 0.001; I 2 ¼ 92.0%). The pooled results showed that the blood total cholesterol and lowdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) level both had a significant association with IOP. When compared to the patients with nonhyperlipidemia, those with hyperlipidemia had a significantly higher IOP of 0.51 mm Hg (95% CI ¼ 0.18-0.83) (P ¼ 0.001 for heterogeneity; I 2 ¼ 81.6%). CONCLUSIONS. The evidence suggests that hyperlipidemia is significantly associated with an increased risk of glaucoma and that hyperlipidemia and the increased blood lipid levels are associated with increased IOP.

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Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When assessing the relationship between hyperlipidemia and IOP, one study reported on the relationship between both hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia and IOP changes. 40 We also treated this as two studies. The detailed process of data selection is described in Figure 1.…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperlipidemia, Blood Lipid Level, and the Risk of Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis

Wang

Bao

2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“… 30 Mucopolysaccharides of endothelial cells were related to macrophage function and were involved in the components of the ECM. 12 The change in the ECM might lead to an increase in the resistance of the trabecular meshwork, resulting in a decrease in outflow, 31 , 32 which might induce high IOP. Our results supported the view that systemic inflammation might lead to increased IOP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 9 – 11 One study had shown that systemic inflammation reflected by serum C-reactive protein levels were associated with high IOP. 12 Therefore, chronic inflammation may increase IOP. 13 It had been reported that there was a statistically significant correlation among human trabecular meshwork DNA damage, visual field damage, and IOP.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gender-Specific Association Between Serum Uric Acid and Incident High Intraocular Pressure in Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Liu

Liú

Yan

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between high intraocular pressure (IOP) and uric acid. Methods In a retrospective cross-sectional study, 19,147 participants were included in 2018. Serum uric acid (SUA) was cut to four groups as Q1 to Q4, according to the quartiles. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of different SUA levels were estimated by a binomial logistic regression model in men and women. A restrictive cubic spline method was used to estimate the dose-response relationship between uric acid and high IOP. Subgroup analysis was performed to find the gender-specific association between uric acid and high IOP. Results In women, after adjusting for confounding factors, the Q3 and Q4 of SUA levels were significantly associated with the risk of high IOP. The OR with 95% CI for Q3 and Q4 were 1.77 (1.22, 2.57) and 1.51 (1.01, 2.26), respectively, Q1 as a reference. For men, SUA levels were not associated with the incidence of high IOP. Moreover, the spline analysis found an inverted U‐shaped relationship between uric acid and high IOP in women ( P = 0.0171). Conclusions Elevated levels of SUAwere independently associated with an increased risk of high IOP in women, but not in men. In addition, uric acid had an inverse U-shaped nonlinear dose-response relationship with high IOP in women.

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“…These variables may impact pRNFL and mGCIPL measures and also co-associate with metabolic syndrome. 4–6 The effect size of BMI on mGCIPL thinning in this study was modest, and functional outcomes were lacking, making it uncertain whether the retinal changes were specific for MS and had clinically meaningful consequences.…”

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confidence: 86%