The synergistic effects of polyphenols and intestinal microbiota on osteoporosis

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a common metabolic disease in middle-aged and elderly people. It is characterized by a reduction in bone mass, compromised bone microstructure, heightened bone fragility, and an increased susceptibility to fractures. The dynamic imbalance between osteoblast and osteoclast populations is a decisive factor in the occurrence of osteoporosis. With the increase in the elderly population in society, the incidence of osteoporosis, disability, and mortality have gradually increased. Polyphenols are a fascinating class of compounds that are found in both food and medicine and exhibit a variety of biological activities with significant health benefits. As a component of food, polyphenols not only provide color, flavor, and aroma but also act as potent antioxidants, protecting our cells from oxidative stress and reducing the risk of chronic disease. Moreover, these natural compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, which aid in immune response regulation and potentially alleviate symptoms of diverse ailments. The gut microbiota can degrade polyphenols into more absorbable metabolites, thereby increasing their bioavailability. Polyphenols can also shape the gut microbiota and increase its abundance. Therefore, studying the synergistic effect between gut microbiota and polyphenols may help in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. By delving into how gut microbiota can enhance the bioavailability of polyphenols and how polyphenols can shape the gut microbiota and increase its abundance, this review offers valuable information and references for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.

A novel black poplar propolis extract with promising health-promoting properties: focus on its chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-genotoxic activities

“…75 The latter property is strictly dependent upon the synergistic interaction effects of all antioxidants in a given matrix (especially of dietary interest). 76 TAC is therefore regarded as a global measure of non-enzymatic antioxidant efficiency, and considers the cumulative and synergistic action of all the antioxidants present in a given matrix, thereby providing an integrated parameter rather than the simple sum of measurable antioxidants. 77…”

“…75 The latter property is strictly dependent upon the synergistic interaction effects of all antioxidants in a given matrix (especially of dietary interest). 76 TAC is therefore regarded as a global measure of non-enzymatic antioxidant efficiency, and considers the cumulative and synergistic action of all the antioxidants present in a given matrix, thereby providing an inte- grated parameter rather than the simple sum of measurable 77 Both for the and the TAC evaluation, it is a common practice that researchers adapt, case-by-case, slightly different procedures, which rather complicates to make accurate comparisons among literature data, especially when obtained in different laboratories. However, being aware of this actual limitation, we tried to make some comparative analyses of our results with those available in the scientific literature.…”

miR-595/Cldnd1 axis: a potential risk factor for bone loss in postmenopausal women with hip osteoporotic fracture

“…Traditional views suggest that age, weight, hormone levels, dietary habits and exercise are related to bone metabolism [9,30,40]. However, recent studies suggest that intestinal microbiota imbalance, in ammation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis are also involved in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis [16,34,35,37,38]. Therefore, osteoporosis is not a simple disease with abnormal bone metabolism, but a systemic disease.…”

Polyphenols Influence the Development of Endometrial Cancer by Modulating the Gut Microbiota

“…The prebiotic properties of polyphenols, and thus their impact on the gut microbiota, stem from their produced metabolites and involve (1) influencing the growth and metabolism of bacteria, (2) disrupting the functions of cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms, (3) regulating the expression of tight junction proteins, and (4) balancing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory T lymphocytes [ 12 , 49 ]. This directly affects the microbiota structure by stimulating the growth of probiotic strains and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, as demonstrated in numerous studies ( Table 1 ).…”