The System Justification Conundrum: Re-Examining the Cognitive Dissonance Basis for System Justification

Owuamalam, Chuma Kevin; Rubin, Mark; Spears, Russell

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01889

Cited by 39 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Working‐class conservatism may indeed have little or nothing to do with cognitive dissonance reduction, as Owuamalam et al . (, ) have argued. However, their conceptual analysis is deeply confused.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For members of disadvantaged groups, however, system justification conflicts with ego and group justification motives (Jost, Burgess, & Mosso, ; Pratto, Sidanius, & Levin, ; Zimmerman & Reyna, ). Therefore, it does not follow from the logic of system justification theory that the disadvantaged are usually or typically more likely than the advantaged to support the overarching social system, which is a view that has been repeatedly misattributed to us (Brandt, ; Caricati, ; Owuamalam, Rubin, & Spears, ; Owuamalam et al ., ; Vargas‐Salfate, Paez, Liu, Pratto, & Gil de Zúñiga, ). On the contrary, system justification on the part of the disadvantaged is typically attenuated by countervailing motives for ego and group justification, as Jost et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, to the extent that system justification conflicts with motives for self‐enhancement, self‐interest, and ingroup favoritism among members of disadvantaged groups… it should often be tempered by these other motives' (p. 17). Thus, we never regarded dissonance reduction as the ‘engine' of system justification, as an increasing number of scholars appear to have mistakenly assumed (Brandt, ; Caricati, ; Caricati & Sollami, ; Owuamalam et al ., 2016b; Owuamalam, Rubin, & Spears, , ; Vargas‐Salfate et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A quarter century of system justification theory: Questions, answers, criticisms, and societal applications

Jost

2018

British J Social Psychol

346

378

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A theory of system justification was proposed 25 years ago by Jost and Banaji (1994, Br. J. Soc. Psychol., 33, 1) in the British Journal of Social Psychology to explain 'the participation by disadvantaged individuals and groups in negative stereotypes of themselves' and the phenomenon of outgroup favouritism. The scope of the theory was subsequently expanded to account for a much wider range of outcomes, including appraisals of fairness, justice, legitimacy, deservingness, and entitlement; spontaneous and deliberate social judgements about individuals, groups, and events; and full-fledged political and religious ideologies. According to system justification theory, people are motivated (to varying degrees, depending upon situational and dispositional factors) to defend, bolster, and justify aspects of existing social, economic, and political systems. Engaging in system justification serves the palliative function of increasing satisfaction with the status quo and addresses underlying epistemic, existential, and relational needs to reduce uncertainty, threat, and social discord. This article summarizes the major tenets of system justification theory, reviews some of the empirical evidence supporting it, answers new (and old) questions and criticisms, and highlights areas of societal relevance and directions for future research.Keep you doped with religion and sex and TV, And you think you're so clever and classless and free. . .. (John Lennon, 'Working Class Hero')Learning to love the questions A theory of system justification was proposed by Jost and Banaji (1994) in a special issue of the British Journal of Social Psychology (BJSP) devoted to the structure and functions of social stereotyping. In that article, which is now 'celebrating' its 25th anniversary, we conjectured that in addition to ego-justifying and group-justifying tendencies to defend and rationalize the interests and esteem of the self and the ingroup, respectively, people exhibit system-justifying tendencies to defend and rationalize existing social, economic, and political arrangementssometimes even at the expense of individual and collective self-interest. Specifically, we felt that existing theories in social psychology did not

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A quarter century of system justification theory: Questions, answers, criticisms, and societal applications

Jost

2018

British J Social Psychol

346

378

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“…Much of this research indicates that group identity plays a significant role in this process by elevating specific behaviors that bring individuals closer to other in-group members (de Dreu et al, 2016;Destin, Richeson, & Rheinschmidt-Same, 2017;Owuamalam, Rubin, & Spears, 2016).…”

Section: Social Class Solipsism and Contexualism: A Social Cognitivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Judgments of interpersonal warmth predict class-based voting preferences

Tan¹,

Kraus²

2017

Preprint

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The present research examines how warmth communications shape class-based patterns of political candidate support. Drawing on theory and evidence that lower-class individuals are more attuned to others, we predicted that, relative to upper-class individuals, they will modulate their trust and support in response to communications of warmth generated by and about political figures. In Experiment 1, lower-class compared to upper-class participants reported less trust and support for a political candidate who communicated his warmth in a campaign video, while no class differences emerged when he communicated competence or hostility to an opponent instead. In Experiment 2, lower-class compared to upper-class participants reported greater trust and support for a political figure whose warmth was communicated by a lower-class member, but no class difference emerged when the same communication was by an upper-class member. Implications for eliciting trust through warmth communication in cross-class interactions are discussed.

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“…Although SN5 and SNOT‐22 questionnaires are validated, bias can occur by a phenomenon known as cognitive dissonance, where the participant (or parent) who has a significant investment in the treatment modality becomes unconsciously supportive of the treatment modality, making interpretation more complicated. These surveys, while important, are limited when used as a singular outcome measurement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding clinical efficacy with balloon sinus dilation in pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis patients

Nishioka

2017

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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The System Justification Conundrum: Re-Examining the Cognitive Dissonance Basis for System Justification

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

A quarter century of system justification theory: Questions, answers, criticisms, and societal applications

A quarter century of system justification theory: Questions, answers, criticisms, and societal applications

Judgments of interpersonal warmth predict class-based voting preferences

Finding clinical efficacy with balloon sinus dilation in pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis patients

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