The systemic use of procaine in the treatment of the elderly: a review

Ostfeld, Adrian M.; Smith, C. Morton; Stotsky, Bernard A.

doi:10.1097/00006534-197709000-00128

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The beneficial effects of procaine on orientation, attention, memory, psychic depression, libido, appetite, euphoria and various types of pain, which were initially described by Aslan (1956) and subsequently confirmed by various authors (Ostfeld et al, 1977), could be explained by the improvement of the functioning of the cholinergic system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The demonstration that procaine, lignocaine and bupivacaine induce analgesia through a central mechanism which is antagonized by atropine, and HC-3 throws new light on the controversial question of the systemic use of procaine in the treatment of the elderly. The beneficial effects of procaine on orientation, attention, memory, psychic depression, libido, appetite, euphoria and various types of pain, which were initially described by Aslan (1956) and subsequently confirmed by various authors (Ostfeld et al, 1977), could be explained by the improvement of the functioning of the cholinergic system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Antinociception induced by systemic administration of local anaesthetics depends on a central cholinergic mechanism

Bartolini

Galli

Ghelardini

et al. 1987

British J Pharmacology

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The antinociceptive effects of systemically‐administered procaine, lignocaine and bupivacaine were examined in mice and rats by using the hot‐plate, writhing and tail flick tests. In both species all three local anaesthetics produced significant antinociception which was prevented by atropine (5 mg kg−1, i.p.) and by hemicholinium‐3 (1 μg per mouse, i.c.v.), but not by naloxone (3 mg kg−1, i.p.), α‐methyl‐p‐tyrosine (100 mg kg−1, s.c.), reserpine (2 mg kg−1, i.p.) or atropine methylbromide (5.5 mg kg−1, i.p.). Atropine (5 mg kg−1, i.p.) which totally antagonized oxotremorine (40 μg kg−1, s.c.) antinociception did not modify morphine (5 mg kg−1, s.c.) or baclofen (4 mg kg−1, s.c.) antinociception. On the other hand, hemicholinium, which antagonized local anaesthetic antinociception, did not prevent oxotremorine, morphine or baclofen antinociception. Intracerebroventricular injection in mice of procaine (200 μg), lignocaine (150 μg) and bupivacaine (25 μg), doses which were largely ineffective by parenteral routes, induced an antinociception whose intensity equalled that obtainable subcutaneously. Moreover, the i.c.v. injection of antinociceptive doses did not impair performance on the rota‐rod test. Concentrations below 10−10 m of procaine, lignocaine and bupivacaine did not evoke any response on the isolated longitudinal muscle strip of guinea‐pig ileum, or modify acetylcholine (ACh)‐induced contractions. On the other hand, they always increased electrically‐evoked twitches. The same concentrations of local anaesthetics which induced antinociception did not inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in vitro. On the basis of the above findings and the existing literature, a facilitation of cholinergic transmission by the local anaesthetics is postulated; this could be due to blockade of presynaptic muscarinic receptors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Antinociception induced by systemic administration of local anaesthetics depends on a central cholinergic mechanism

Bartolini

Galli

Ghelardini

et al. 1987

British J Pharmacology

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“…In addition to enhancing memory functions, this drug was touted as having posi tive effects on many disease conditions associated with aging. However, basic studies suggest that the usual dose of intramuscularly administered procaine does not reach a concentration sufficient for pharmacological effects ex cept at the injection site [Ostfeldcl al., 1977], Most wellcontrolled clinical studies demonstrate no beneficial ef fect of Gerovital on physical or mental symptoms with the possible exception of transient mood elevation [Jarvik and Milne, 1975;Ostfeld et al. 1977].…”

Section: Vasodilators and Drugs With Mixed Metabolic Fffectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Psychopharmacological Perspective of Cognitive Functions

Wolkowitz

Tinklenberg

Weingartner³

1985

Neuropsychobiology

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In this article we review the effects of specific drugs or neurotransmitter systems on cognitive functions. While much of what we know about drugs’ effects on memory is derived from animal experiments, this review focusses on studies relevant to human clinical conditions. We conclude with a speculative analysis or taxonomy of the pharmacology of memory which broadly highlights the utility of viewing memory as being comprised of several differentiated processes.

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“…Procaine is a known local anesthetic drug that has been used in geriatric treatment [6]. Although it has been shown to retard rat skin wound healing [7], some experiments suggest that procaine could accelerate the wound repair process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%