The T cell in Sjogren's syndrome: Force majeure, not spectateur

Effectiveness of abatacept for patients with Sjögren’s syndrome associated with rheumatoid arthritis. An open label, multicenter, one-year, prospective study: ROSE (Rheumatoid Arthritis with Orencia Trial toward Sjögren’s syndrome Endocrinopathy) trial

“…Moreover, a recent study showed that abatacept reduced signs of polyclonal B cell activation in RA patients, inducing a trend toward normalization of serum levels of different classes of immunoglobulins and free light chains, decreasing titers of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies and RF, and percentages of post-switch memory B cells [28]. Thus, abatacept seems a logical treatment for SS, in which activated B cell as well as T cells play important pathogenic roles [16].…”

“…Abatacept was designed for the treatment of SS manifestations based on the pathogenic role of CD4+ T cells in SS [16,17]. Actually, two open label pilot studies have so far examined the effectiveness of abatacept in primary SS [18,19].…”

Upregulation of long noncoding RNA TMEVPG1 enhances T helper type 1 cell response in patients with Sjögren syndrome

“…Exocrine organs affected by SS, primarily the salivary and lachrymal glands, are infiltrated by abundant inflammatory cells, especially T lymphocytes, and these cells produce inflammatory cytokines leading to the destruction of acini and glands [1]. It has also been shown that the vast majority of infiltrated cells are CD4 ?…”

“…Cha et al [6] explored that the elimination of Th1 cells could ameliorated whole pathological and clinical signs of Sjögren syndrome. In addition, another obvious change in SS is that the high levels of immune globulins and autoantibodies, such as SSA, SSB and ANA [1,7].…”

NF-κB Controls Resistance of Human Salivary Gland (HSG) Cells to Apoptosis in an <i>in Vitro</i> Model of Sjogren’s Syndrome

“…Furthermore, salivary gland cells from patients with SS exhibit greater expression of Fas receptor (CD95), a death domain-containing member of the TNF receptor superfamily, which mediates apoptosis triggered by Fas ligand (FasL)-expressing lymphocytes [7]. Apoptosis in salivary tissue can be induced in vitro by Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF): TNF, previously known as TNF-α, is a pleiotrophic cytokine produced by immune cells in response to infection, environmental challenges and/or other danger signals [8]- [10].…”