The temperament and character personality profile of the glaucoma patient

Abstract

BackgroundTo determine the temperament and character profile of glaucoma patients.MethodsA total of 234 patients (104 with primary open angle glaucoma, and 130 control subjects without any ocular disease) were selected for this prospective, cross-sectional study. All the participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination, including the best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement, gonioscopy, and visual field analysis. All the participants were given the Turkish version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). The TCI is a self-reported evaluate, with 240 true/false items measuring four domains of temperament; harm avoidance (HA), persistence (PS), novelty seeking (NS), reward dependence (RD), and three domains of character; self-transcendence (ST), cooperativeness (C), self-directedness (SD).ResultsThe glaucoma patients achieved the higher scores than the controls for the HA and SD dimensions (p < 0.001 and p = 0.033). The glaucoma patients scored lower than the controls for the NS, P and ST dimensions (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.002). There were no differences in the RD and C scores between the patients and the controls (p = 0.944 and p = 0.343). There was no correlation between the duration of illness and the TCI dimensions. Disease severity was positively associated with HA (r = 0,220, p = 0,025) and the anticipatory worry (r = 0.227, p = 0.021) dimension.ConclusionsGlaucoma patients had a different personality profile to healthy individuals. This may affect treatment compliance and is also important when coping with maladaptive patient attitudes.

Physical exercise and glaucoma: a review on the roles of physical exercise on intraocular pressure control, ocular blood flow regulation, neuroprotection and glaucoma‐related mental health

“…Glaucoma progression is insidious, and patients are often concerned about maintaining stable IOP and their visual field. Just as in other chronic diseases, such as cardiac disorders and hypertension (Majani et al 1999;Harter et al 2003), the long-term stress may continuously arouse the patients' fears of losing vision, possibly inducing mental disorders, including neurosis, anxiety and depression (Mabuchi et al 2008;Warrian et al 2009;Cakmak et al 2015), which can severely impact the quality of life of patients.…”

Psychodynamic Features Associated With Orthognathic Surgery: A Comparison Between Conventional Orthognathic Treatment and “Surgery-First” Approach

“…This questionnaire consists of 7 dimensions: 4 related to temperament (novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence) and 3 related to character (self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence). 6,10 The assessment was performed by an experienced clinical psychiatrist.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Preoperatively, orthognathic patients often have psychosocial problems [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] so that patients' motivation for the surgical option is usually the hope for improvement of their quality of life. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] However, there is a wide debate about the variation of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and psychosocial well-being after orthognathic surgery. This feature of orthognathic treatment is crucial because the information about the psychosocial effect of orthognathic surgery on patients may allow surgeons to appropriately inform patients regarding their expectations from surgery.…”

“…This feature of orthognathic treatment is crucial because the information about the psychosocial effect of orthognathic surgery on patients may allow surgeons to appropriately inform patients regarding their expectations from surgery. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] ''Traditional'' 3-stage orthognathic treatment made up of preoperative orthodontics, surgery, and postoperative orthodontics remains a well-established and valid protocol nowadays. Nevertheless, some disadvantages of having orthodontic interventions both before and after orthognathic surgery exist, such as long treatment times, an increased risk of enamel decalcification, gingival recession, and root resorption.…”

“…Therefore, as an alternative to traditional treatment, the surgery-first approach was developed to obtain shorter treatment times and an early correction of soft tissue problems (ie, lips, cheeks, and tongue) and, thus, rapid improvements in facial esthetics. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Currently, little and contradictory information is available regarding the impact of the surgery-first approach and traditional approach on patients' psychological status and quality-of-life outcomes. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Therefore, the aims of this study were to assess the personality traits of orthognathic patients and to investigate and compare the changes related to psychosocial well-being, self-esteem, anxiety, and quality of life between presurgical and postsurgical phases in patients undergoing traditional and surgery-first orthognathic treatments.…”