The the Effect of Almond Oil on the Permeability of Ketoprofen Hydrogel

Abstract

Objective: The object of this study is to formulate ketoprofen hydrogels and to evaluate their permeability following the incorporation of almond oil as a penetration enhancer.
 Methods: Five formulas (F2-F6) of ketoprofen hydrogels were formulated with the employment of carbopol 940 and triethanolamine. A gradual increase in the amount of almond oil was used in each formula. In vitro penetration and release kinetic study was conducted for all the formulations and compared with the control formula (F1) which was prepared without the incorporation of almond oil.
 Results: There was a strong positive correlation between % of incorporated almond oil and the % of drug released when the samples were compared with F1 that was formulated without almond oil. After 24 h, 90% of medication was penetrated from ketoprofen hydrogel formulation (F6), which had 5% almond oil.
 Conclusion: Almond oil has successfully worked as a natural penetration enhancer when five ketoprofen hydrogel formulations were prepared and evaluated.

Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Essential and Carrier Oils as Skin Penetration Enhancers in Pharmaceutical Formulations

“…Fatty acids are used in the formulation of topical dosage forms as penetration enhancers, as exemplified by oleic acid (the most popular fatty acid used) [4]. In addition, they form the major component of many natural oils, such as olive oil and almond oil [29,110]. Fatty acid-containing carrier oils have been used widely in the development of transdermal dosage forms to enhance the permeation of hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs [111,112].…”

“…In in vitro permeation studies, almond oil has been used to enhance the permeation of ketoprofen, clotrimazole, and pioglitazone from a gel formulation [29,41,124,125]. In vitro permeation studies have also demonstrated enhancement of timolol and ketoprofen permeation from a transdermal patch formulation containing almond oil [125,126].…”

“…Carrier oils or fatty acid-containing natural oils have been reported by many studies as successful transdermal penetration enhancers for both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs [25,26]. Among these are olive oil [25,27,28], almond oil [29], and jojoba oil [30].…”