Objective: The object of this investigation was to formulate and evaluate effervescent granules of ibuprofen, to increase its dissolution rate to get rapid analgesic and antipyretic effects. Methods: Five formulas (F1-F5) of effervescent ibuprofen granules were formulated by the wet granulation method. Croscarmellose sodium, powder of banana and other ingredients were used in the formulation of effervescent granules. Evaluation studies were carried out for all five formulas, these include: (compatibility study, flowability study, % of drug content, effervescent time and in vitro dissolution study). Results: The results show that the formulated granules have good flow properties with suitable bulk density for the uniting dose. FTIR study shows that there is no drug interaction with other ingredients in the formula. All five formulas have effervescent time less than 3 min, F5 show the best drug release 99.1±1 and effervescent time about 80 sec. Conclusion: Ibuprofen was successfully formulated and evaluated as effervescent granules by using a combination of croscarmellose sodium and banana powder.

Objective: The object of this study is to formulate ketoprofen hydrogels and to evaluate their permeability following the incorporation of almond oil as a penetration enhancer. Methods: Five formulas (F2-F6) of ketoprofen hydrogels were formulated with the employment of carbopol 940 and triethanolamine. A gradual increase in the amount of almond oil was used in each formula. In vitro penetration and release kinetic study was conducted for all the formulations and compared with the control formula (F1) which was prepared without the incorporation of almond oil. Results: There was a strong positive correlation between % of incorporated almond oil and the % of drug released when the samples were compared with F1 that was formulated without almond oil. After 24 h, 90% of medication was penetrated from ketoprofen hydrogel formulation (F6), which had 5% almond oil. Conclusion: Almond oil has successfully worked as a natural penetration enhancer when five ketoprofen hydrogel formulations were prepared and evaluated.

Objective: Appropriateness of administration and patient complaints are important factors in developing dosage forms, especially for children and elderly people. The goal of this research was to develop salbutamol sulfate granules that dissolve quickly to improve patient compliance. Methods: Five formulas (F1-F5) were prepared by wet granulation methods. Different type of excipients was used in the formulation like banana powder as super disinterring, mannitol, hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose; etc. The formulas were evaluated for flow properties, drug compatibility study by FTIR, drug content, and drug release profile. Results: The result revealed that the flowability of the five formulas has accepted flow properties; The FTIR studies of the formula F2 showed no drug-excipients interaction. All of the prepared formulas show an acceptable range of drug content, a rapid release of drug of about 95.2% within 10 min. These results indicate good and rapid release properties of salbutamol sulfate from fast dissolving granules. Conclusion: Salbutamol sulfate was successfully formulated as fast-dissolving granules by using banana powder.

Objective: Methotrexate (MTX) is a folate antimetabolite used for the management of neoplastic diseases like leukemia and breast cancer, Methotrexate is also used in the treatment of psoriasis as well as rheumatoid arthritis. The goal of this research was to improving the solubility and dissolution profile of methotrexate solid dispersion by using different polymers. Methods: A total six formulas were prepared as solid dispersion of methotrexate by solvent evaporation method by using polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000) and poly Vinyl pyrolidone (PVP-K30) as polymeric solubilizer in ratio (1:1,1:2,1:4), Then the solid dispersion of methotrexate were evaluated by solubility test, permeability test and FTIR study. Results: All six solid dispersion formulas showed a significant improvement in the solubility of methotrexate, and the formulations demonstrated improved in the rate of drug release of approximately 99.8±0.9 within 60 min. FTIR study for F3 and F6 show no drug-excipients interaction. Conclusion: Methotrexate was successfully enhanced its water solubility by using solid dispersion.