The Therapeutic Prospects of Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Indole Alkaloids for Depression and Anxiety Disorders

Munir, Samman; Shahid, Aqsa; Aslam, Bilal; Ashfaq, Usman Ali; Akash, Muhammad Sajid Hamid; Ali, Muhammad; Almatroudi, Ahmad; Allemailem, Khaled S.; Rajoka, Muhammad Shahid Riaz; Khurshid, Mohsin

doi:10.1155/2020/8836983

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Due to structural similarities between alkaloids and neurotransmitters, neuroreceptors are common alkaloid targets, where they act as agonists or antagonists. For example, indole alkaloids have structural similarities to serotonin, so they are potential sources of anti-depressant drugs [176]. Alkaloids can also impact signal transduction in neurons, and can reduce pain by altering the activity of voltage-gated sodium channels [177].…”

Section: Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Foods to Chemotherapeutics: The Antioxidant Potential of Dietary Phytochemicals

Briggs

2022

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Food plants have been recognized for their medicinal properties for millennia, a concept supported by epidemiological studies indicating long-term health benefits for people consuming greater amounts of fruits and vegetables. As our technology and instrumentation advance, researchers have the ability to identify promising phytochemicals, and examine their potential benefits, or detriments, to human health. While results from trials investigating single chemical supplementation have sometimes produced negative health results, studies investigating the synergistic action of phytochemicals—either within our diet or as an adjuvant to radiation or chemotherapy—appear promising. Utilizing phytochemicals as synergistic agents may lower the chemotherapeutic doses needed to incur physiological results, while also using chemicals with fewer toxic effects. This review investigates a variety of plant-produced chemicals humans typically ingest, their impacts on overall health patterns, molecular mechanisms associated with their health impacts, and the potential of their synergistic use for therapeutic purposes.

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Section: Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Foods to Chemotherapeutics: The Antioxidant Potential of Dietary Phytochemicals

Briggs

2022

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“…( 4) Control + IPTC groups, cells were cultured with IPTC (10 µM) under normal conditions. ( 5) Hypoxia (H) group, cells were subjected to 6h of hypoxia (H) protocol; ( 6) Hypoxia + Tempol (10 µM) group, cells pretreated with Tempol for 12 h before induction of hypoxia and then subjected to 6h of hypoxia; ( 7) Hypoxia + Mito-Tempo (10 µM) group, cells pretreated with Mito-Tempo for 12 h before induction of hypoxia and then subjected to 6h of hypoxia; (8) Hypoxia + IPTC (10 µM) group, cells pretreated with IPTC for 12 h before induction of hypoxia and then subjected to 6h of hypoxia; (9) H/R group, cells were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation protocol (H/R); ( 10) H/R + Tempol (10 µM) group, cells pretreated with Tempol for 12 h before induction of hypoxia and then subjected to H/R protocol; (11) H/R + Mito-Tempo (10 µM) group, cells pretreated with Mito-Tempo for 12 h before induction of hypoxia and then subjected to H/R protocol; (12) H/R + IPTC (10 µM) group, cells pretreated with IPTC for 12 h before induction of hypoxia and then subjected to H/R protocol.…”

Section: Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/r) Protocol: H9c2 Cardiomyocytes Ha...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indole alkaloids are naturally occurring plant substances that possess a variety of neuropharmacological, psychopharmacological, and antitumor effects [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. For example, the alkaloid berberine produces its anticancer effects via the induction of autophagic cell death and mitochondrial apoptosis in cancer cells [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Mitophagy Enhancer Protects Cardiomyocytes against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation

Yan¹,

Gao²,

Hou³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury results in cell death by inducing apoptosis. During I/R, early generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) can induce neighboring mitochondria to release additional ROS, a toxic cycle resulting in significant mitochondrial and cellular injury. Oxidative damage in the mitochondria contributes to various pathologies, including I/R injury. Accordingly, preventing mitochondrial oxidative damage should be therapeutically relevant for many disorders, including cardiovascular diseases. We recently discovered an Indole-Peptide-Tempo Conjugate (IPTC) that served as a novel bifunctional agent with both antioxidant and autophagy-modulating capacity. Here, we demonstrate that IPTC can protect H9C2 cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury that results from mtROS overproduction due to impaired mitophagy and resultant mitochondrial dysfunction. We hypothesize that the mechanism of action of IPTC involves the capacity to decrease mtROS combined with induction of mitophagy.

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“…Symptoms of MDD may include a depressed mood, pervasive lack of energy, a change in sleeping patterns and psychomotor activity, changes in appetite and/or weight, cognitive disturbances that make it difficult to think, concentrate, or make decisions, feeling worthless, guilt, and repeated thoughts of death and suicidal attempts or idealizations ( American Psychiatric Association, 2000 ; World Health Organisation, 2017 ). MDD is caused by imbalances with certain neurotransmitters in the central nervous system ( Munir et al, 2020 ). According to Schildkraut, (1965) , the most studied basis of the pathophysiology of MDD is the alteration of monoaminergic activity in the brain, which leads to the depletion of serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine neurotransmitters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidepressant Effects of South African Plants: An Appraisal of Ethnobotanical Surveys, Ethnopharmacological and Phytochemical Studies

et al. 2022

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Globally, the search for safe and potent natural-based treatment for depression is receiving renewed interest given the numerous side-effects associated with many existing drugs. In South Africa, the use of plants to manage depression and related symptoms is fairly documented among different ethnic groups. In the current study, we reviewed existing ethnobotanical, ethnopharmacological and phytochemical studies on South African medicinal plants used to manage depression. Electronic databases were accessed for scientific literature that meets the inclusion criteria. Plants with ethnobotanical evidence were subjected to a further pharmacological review to establish the extent (if any) of their effectiveness as antidepressants. Critical assessment resulted in 20 eligible ethnobotanical records, which generated an inventory of 186 plants from 63 plant families. Due to the cultural differences observed in the definition of depression, or lack of definition in some cultures, most plants are reported to treat a wide range of atypical symptoms related to depression. Boophone disticha, Leonotis leonurus and Mentha longifolia were identified as the three most popular plants, with over eight mentions each from the ethnobotanical records. The dominant families were Asteraceae (24), Fabaceae (16), Amaryllidaceae (10), and Apocynaceae (10) which accounted for about 32% of the 186 plants. Only 27 (≈14.5%) of the plants have been screened for antidepressant activity using in vitro and in vivo models. Agapanthus campanulatus, Boophone disticha, Hypericum perforatum, Mondia whitei and Xysmalobium undulatum, represent the most studied plants. Phytochemical investigation on nine out of the 27 plants revealed 24 compounds with antidepressant-like effects. Some of these included buphanidrine and buphanamine which were isolated from the leaves of Boophone disticha, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and cannabichromene obtained from the buds of Cannabis sativa and carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid and salvigenin from Rosmarinus officinalis, A significant portion (≈85%) of 186 plants with ethnobotanical records still require pharmacological studies to assess their potential antidepressant-like effects. This review remains a valuable reference material that may guide future ethnobotanical surveys to ensure their robustness and validity as well as database to identify promising plants to screen for pharmacology efficacy.

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The Therapeutic Prospects of Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Indole Alkaloids for Depression and Anxiety Disorders

Cited by 21 publications

References 101 publications

From Foods to Chemotherapeutics: The Antioxidant Potential of Dietary Phytochemicals

From Foods to Chemotherapeutics: The Antioxidant Potential of Dietary Phytochemicals

A Novel Mitophagy Enhancer Protects Cardiomyocytes against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation

Antidepressant Effects of South African Plants: An Appraisal of Ethnobotanical Surveys, Ethnopharmacological and Phytochemical Studies

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