THE THERMOMAGNETIC FIGURE OF MERIT AND ETTINGSHAUSEN COOLING IN Bi–Sb ALLOYS

Cuff, K. F.; Horst, R. B.; Weaver, J.L.; Hawkins, S. R.; Kooi, C. F.; Enslow, G. M.

doi:10.1063/1.1753817

Cited by 64 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The Nernst-Ettingshausen (N-E) effect uses an external magnetic field to break time-reversal symmetry thereby introducing off-diagonal terms in the Seebeck tensor and generating transverse heat flow. 4 However practical application of the N-E effect is limited since a high 1.5 T magnetic field is required. 5 Stacked synthetic transverse thermoelectrics have also been demonstrated which have structural asymmetry by alternately stacking macroscopic millimeter-thick slabs of semiconductor with large Seebeck coefficient upon (semi)metal slabs with large electrical and thermal conductivity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving Perpendicular Heat Flow: (p×n)-Type Transverse Thermoelectrics for Microscale and Cryogenic Peltier Cooling

et al. 2013

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Whereas thermoelectric performance is normally limited by the figure of merit ZT , transverse thermoelectrics can achieve arbitrarily large temperature differences in a single leg even with inferior ZT by being geometrically tapered. We introduce a band-engineered transverse thermoelectric with p-type Seebeck in one direction and n-type orthogonal, resulting in off-diagonal terms that drive heat flow transverse to electrical current. Such materials are advantageous for microscale devices and cryogenic temperatures -exactly the regimes where standard longitudinal thermoelectrics fail. InAs/GaSb type II superlattices are shown to have the appropriate band structure for use as a transverse thermoelectric.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving Perpendicular Heat Flow: (p×n)-Type Transverse Thermoelectrics for Microscale and Cryogenic Peltier Cooling

et al. 2013

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“…These effects were experimentally demonstrated by Smith and Wolfe [4], who showed that Bi-rich alloys have higher figures of merit (i.e. the ratio of squared Seebeck coefficient divided by the product of the thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity, which determines the usefulness of the material in thermoelectric applications) than those obtained for Bi 2 Te 3 in the temperature range 20-220 K. Later Cuff et al [5], demonstrated that this effect can be enhanced by the application of transverse magnetic field, which proved that Bi-Sb alloys can be used in solid-state cooling devices. Yim and Amith [6] investigated thermoelectric and thermomagnetic properties of un-doped Bi-Sb homogeneous single crystals as a function of temperature, magnetic field and crystallographic direction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Activity and diffusivity of oxygen in the liquid dilute BixSb1-x solutions

Jendrzejczyk-Handzlik

Handzlik

Fitzner

2018

J min metall B Metall

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The diffusivity and activity coefficient of oxygen in liquid antimony, bismuth and antimony-bismuth alloys were determined from coulometric titration experiments, which were performed in the temperature range from 985 to 1185 K. The diffusivity in pure metals (in cm2/s) is: The standard free energy of solution of oxygen in liquid antimony, bismuth and antimony-bismuth alloys according to the reaction ½ O 2 (g) = O (infinite dilution) is calculated. The activity coefficient of oxygen was calculated at 1085 K as a function of the alloy composition. It was demonstrated that Wagner's model with one adjustable parameter h gave a satisfactory description of the experimental data.

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“…Here the variation of the total thermal conductivity in the binary direction is plotted against the strength of the magnetic ¢eld in the bisectrix direction for three di¡erent alloys. 15 The measurements were made at 80 K, at which temperature the ¢eld e¡ects are much stronger than at 300 K. In a ¢eld of 1 T there is very little remaining of the electronic contribution to the thermal conductivity. The NernstÊ ttingshausen ¢gure of merit is not particularly large for the given ¢eld orientation, so the thermal conductivity does indeed tend toward the lattice component at high magnetic ¢eld strengths.…”

Section: Bismuth and Bismuth^antimony Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermal conductivity plotted against magnetic ¢eld for certain bismuth^antimony alloys at 80 K. 15 The temperature gradient is in the binary direction, and the magnetic ¢eld is in the bisectrix direction. the basic transport properties are the same in all directions.…”

Section: Iv^vi Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%