The Thermophilic Microörganisms

Gaughran, Eugene R. L.

doi:10.1128/mmbr.11.3.189-225.1947

Cited by 56 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This is in harmony with the author's own observations on 234A. Knaysi (1948) has a review on most of the work done on endospore formation in bacteria, but nowhere in this review anything is mentioned about thermophilic bacteria and their sporulation. About the influence of anions nothing is mentioned.…”

supporting

confidence: 72%

The Influence of Some Inorganic Salts on the Sporulation of a Strain of Bacillus stearothermophilus

Dahl¹

1955

Physiologia Plantarum

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supporting

confidence: 72%

The Influence of Some Inorganic Salts on the Sporulation of a Strain of Bacillus stearothermophilus

Dahl¹

1955

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Although there is a variety of thermophilic ba<;teria (Gaughran 1947), two main types have been found in thermal waters, Bacillus stearothermophilus, a spore-forming bacterium showing growth optima of 55°-60°C (Gaughran 1947), and Thermus aquaticus, a non-spore-forming bacterium showing a growth optimum at 70°-75°C (Brock and Freeze 1969). Both these organisms are present in large amounts at appropriate temperatures in the algal mats growing in hot spring and geyser drainways (Brock and Freeze 1969), and hence they should be carried into the Firehole River.…”

Section: Thermophilic Bacteria As Indicators Of Thermal Additionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Thermal Additions from the Yellowstone Geyser Basins on the Bacteriology of the Firehole River

Zeikus

Brock

1972

Ecology

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A series of stations was established on the Firehole River where it flows through the main geyser basins of Yellowstone Park, and temperature, pH, alkalinity, conductivity, and phosphate were measured. The temperature of the water gradually increased as it flowed through the thermal area, at its warmest averaging about 16°C higher than in the cool area (10° to 26°C). Alkalinity, conductivity, pH, and phosphate also increased markedly. The growth rates of periphtic bacteria measured in situ on glass slides were virtually identical at different stations despite the wide differences in temperature. The effect of temperature on the incorporation of 14C—glucose by benthic bacteria populations at the different stations demonstrated that the temperature optimum for this process increased in parallel with the temperature of the habitat. It is thus concluded that the bacteria are near—optimally adapted to the temperature of their habitat and that despite wide differences in temperature the rate of bacterial activity is the same. In another study, samples of water were placed on agar media and incubated at temperatures of 25°, 55°, and 70°C to obtain estimates of the number of bacteria able to grow at these temperatures. The thermophilic organisms developing at 55°C were primarily Bacillus stearothermophilus at those at 70°C primarily Thermus aquaticus. Thermophiles were not present in water which had not received thermal additions, but both kinds of thermophiles were found in the warm water, and numbers increased progressively as more thermal water entered. In the recovery zone downstream from the thermally region, the numbers of thermophilic bacteria decreased markedly. The possible value of these thermophilic bacteria as indicators of thermal pollutions is discussed. It is suggested that the Firehole River is an excellent model for long—term studies on the ecological consequences of thermal pollution.

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“…Much information concerning the nature of thermophily has accumulated during the past 20 years. The early literature has been covered in the reviews of Gaughran (8) and Allen (1). The literature to 1956 concerned with the relative thermal stability of a number of enzymes and structural proteins has been reviewed by Koffler (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ribonucleic Acid and Ribosomes of Bacillus stearothermophilus

Saunders

Campbell

1966

J Bacteriol

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SAUNDERS, GRADY F. (University of Illinois, Urbana), AND L. LEON CAMPBELL. Ribonucleic acid and ribosomes of Bacillus stearothermophilus. J. Bacteriol. 91:332-339. 1966.-The ability of some thermophilic bacteria to grow at temperatures as high as 76 C emphasizes the remarkable thermal stability of their crucial macromolecules. An investigation of the ribonucleic acid (RNA) and ribosomes of Bacillus stearothermophilus was conducted. Washed log-phase cells were disrupted either by sonic treatment or by alumina grinding in 10-2 M MgCl2-1(t2 M tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffer, pH 7.4 (TM buffer). Ultracentrifugal analysis revealed peaks at 72.5S, lOlS, and 135S, with the lOlS peak being the most prominent. By lowering the Mg++ concentration to 10-M, the ribosome preparation was dissociated to give 40S, 31S, and 54S peaks. These in turn were reassociated in the presence of 102 M Mg++ to give the larger 73S and 135S particles. When heated in TM buffer, Escherichia coli ribosomes began a gradual dissociation at 58 C, and at 70 C underwent a large hyperchromic shift with a Tm at 72.8 C. In contrast, B. stearothermophilus ribosomes did not show a hyperchromic shift below 70 C; they had a Tm of 77.9 C. The thermal denaturation curves of the 4S, 16S, and 23S RNA from both organisms were virtually identical. The gross amino acid composition of B. stearothermophilus ribosomes showed no marked differences from that reported for E. coli ribosomes. These data suggest that the unusual thermal stability of B. stearothermophilus ribosomes may reflect either an unusual packing arrangement of the protein to the RNA or differences in the primary structure of the ribosomal proteins.

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The Thermophilic Microörganisms

Cited by 56 publications

References 50 publications

The Influence of Some Inorganic Salts on the Sporulation of a Strain of Bacillus stearothermophilus

The Influence of Some Inorganic Salts on the Sporulation of a Strain of Bacillus stearothermophilus

Effects of Thermal Additions from the Yellowstone Geyser Basins on the Bacteriology of the Firehole River

Ribonucleic Acid and Ribosomes of Bacillus stearothermophilus

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