The Three Dialectics of Adaptation Finance in Vietnam

Pannier, Emmanuel; Vu, Toan Canh; Espagne, Étienne; Pulliat, Gwenn; Nguyen, Thi Thu Ha

doi:10.3390/su12187691

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Similar to other lower-middle-income countries where global climate funds have failed to deliver on adaptation needs [19,89], remittances bypass bureaucracy and enable individual households to take fast and unrestricted response actions.…”

Section: Remittances As Risk Insurancementioning

confidence: 99%

When the “Strong Arms” Leave the Farms—Migration, Gender Roles and Risk Reduction in Vietnam

Simelton¹,

Duong²,

Houzer³

2021

Sustainability

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For many family farms, migration is one strategy for reducing poverty and vulnerability to both natural hazards and economic risk. While more men typically migrate to work, the implications of this on the household are inconclusive, especially for the women who remain on the farms. This study employs a gender lens to examine the effects of economically driven migration on household decision-making, farm labor and disaster risk reduction, focusing on two disaster-prone regions with high poverty rates in Vietnam: Dien Bien (Northwest) and Ha Tinh (North Central Coast) provinces. Surveys of 228 households with at least one migrant worker showed a new generation of young male and female migrants, and that men over 30 years of age migrated for longer periods and more frequently than their spouses. Intrahousehold impacts differed according to risk strategies. In areas with a lower-risk coping strategy (Dien Bien), seasonal jobs coincided with periods of less intense farming activities. During the absence of male family members, women temporarily made more domestic decisions. In areas with a higher-risk adaptation strategy (Ha Tinh), farming was planned for longer absences; thus decisions remained largely unchanged. Remittances invested into agriculture contributed to shortening the recovery period after disasters and, in some cases, diversifying farming systems. The migrant’s absence was offset by relatives and neighbors as essential labor reserves. New resilient farming systems need to be disaster proof, gender-sensitive and free up labor.

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Section: Remittances As Risk Insurancementioning

confidence: 99%

When the “Strong Arms” Leave the Farms—Migration, Gender Roles and Risk Reduction in Vietnam

Simelton¹,

Duong²,

Houzer³

2021

Sustainability

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“…The associated problem is threefold: First, across developing countries where carbon-intensive industries determine economic growth, adaptation has emerged as a core part of national climate policy (Olazabal et al , 2019; Moss et al , 2013; Pannier et al , 2020; Quang, 2020) due to limited financial and technological resources for a low-carbon transition (Timperley, 2021). Second, nationally led, or “top-down” enabling framework is the most popular institutional approach observed in many countries (Corfee-Morlot et al , 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why adaptation falters: principles for climate change adaptation policy assessment in Vietnam

Quang,

Kawarazuka,

Nguyen-Pham

et al. 2024

IJCCSM

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Purpose Recognition that not every climate adaptation policy is a good one has shifted attention to new tools and methods to measure the adequacy and effectiveness of adaptation policies. This study aims to propose and apply and applies an innovative adaptation policy assessment framework to identify the extent to which climate adaptation policies in Vietnam exhibit conditions that are likely to ensure a sufficient, credible and effective adaptation. Design/methodology/approach In total, 21 conditions, categorized under five normative principles and covering critical issue areas in adaptation domain, form the climate adaptation policy assessment framework. The principles were double-checked and tested in case studies through observations and analyses of policy documents to ensure that each condition should be distinct and not overlapping across principles. To see if the principles and attendant conditions were able to capture all relevant aspects of adaptation, the authors used structured expert judgment. In total, 39 policy documents pertaining to climate change adaptation were selected for qualitative document analysis. In-depth interviews with local officials and experts were conducted to address data gaps. Findings The study reveals major weaknesses constituting a reasonably worrisome picture of the adaptation policies in Vietnam since several critical conditions were underrepresented. These results shed new light on why some adaptation policies falter or are posing adverse impacts. The findings suggest that a sound policy assessment framework can provide evidence on what effective adaptation policy looks like and how it can be enabled. The framework for climate adaptation policy assessment in this study can be easily adjusted and used for different socio-environmental contexts in which new conditions for policy assessment might emerge. Social implications The findings show underlying weaknesses constituting a reasonably worrisome picture of the adaptation regime in Vietnam. In the absence of mechanisms and measures for accountability and transparency in policy processes, adaptation in Vietnam appears more likely to be prone to maladaptation and corruption. While solving these problems will not be easy for Vietnam, the government needs to evaluate whether the short-term gains in sustaining the existing adaptation policies really make progress and serve its long-term climate-adaptive development goals. Originality/value Although interpretations of adaptation effectiveness may be very divergent in different normative views on adaptation outcomes, the authors argue that a common, agreed-upon effectiveness can be reached if it is clearly defined and measurable in adaptation policies. Thus, the climate adaptation policy assessment framework proposed in this study is critical for policymakers, practitioners, donors and stakeholders dealing with adaptation to better understand the weaknesses in policymaking processes, pinpoint priority areas of action and timely prevent or prepare for possible adverse impacts of policies.

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Factors Influencing Climate Change Adaptation Investment by Local Government Units in the Philippines

Shiohara¹

2022

Disaster Risk Reduction

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The Three Dialectics of Adaptation Finance in Vietnam

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

When the “Strong Arms” Leave the Farms—Migration, Gender Roles and Risk Reduction in Vietnam

When the “Strong Arms” Leave the Farms—Migration, Gender Roles and Risk Reduction in Vietnam

Why adaptation falters: principles for climate change adaptation policy assessment in Vietnam

Factors Influencing Climate Change Adaptation Investment by Local Government Units in the Philippines

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