The thymus gland in the loricariidean catfish Harttia sp.

Savino, Wilson; G, Santarosa

doi:10.1016/s0145-305x(82)80021-9

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The presence of cytoplasmic material stained by PAS/Alcian blue has been reported previously in the Loricariidean catfish, Harttia sp. (Savino & Santa‐Rosa, 1982) and in rainbow trout, S. gairdneri (Chilmonczyk, 1983). Moreover, Loewenthal & Smith (1952) demonstrated an increase in the numbers of PAS positively stained large foamy cells in the mouse thymus as an indication of aging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9d) strongly suggests the presence of an endocrine function for the N. forsteri thymus. These secretory‐like cells have not been identified frequently in teleosts (Zapata, 1981), although some authors observed vacuolated thymic epithelial cells or PAS‐positive cytoplasm content in the teleost thymus (reviewed in Zapata, 1981; Savino & Santa‐Rosa, 1982). The observation of different patterns of thymic secretory‐like cells in N. forsteri supports the idea that these cells may represent different sub‐populations with the possibility of different regulatory functions (Rafael, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomy and cytology of the thymus in juvenile Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri

et al. 2007

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The anatomy, histology and ultrastructure of the thymus of a dipnoan, the Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri , was studied by light and transmission electron microscopy. The thymic tissue showed clear demarcation into a cortex and medulla with ample vascularization. Large cells including foamy and giant multinucleated cells with periodic acid Schiff/Alcian blue positive staining properties were localized mainly in the medulla. The major cellular components were epithelial cells and lymphoid cells. The epithelial cells were classified by location and ultrastructure into six sub-populations: capsular cells, cortical and medullary reticular cells, perivascular endothelial cells, intermediate cells, nurse-like cells and Hassall-like corpuscles. Myoid cells were found mainly in the cortico-medullary boundary and medulla. Macrophages and secretory-like cells were also present. These findings will provide a base of knowledge about the cellular immune system of lungfish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and cytology of the thymus in juvenile Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri

et al. 2007

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“…The cellular composition of teleost thymus has been described structurally and histochemically for a number of species (Lele 1932;Tamura 1978;Zapata 1981;Chilmonczyk 1983;Gorgollon 1983;Fange & Pulsford 1985;Marinova 1986;Castillo et al 1990Castillo et al , 1991 and it is sug-gested that a greater variability exists than in mammals (Savino & Santa-Rosa 1982). The present ultrastructural study of the cellular composition of the thymus of sole Soleu solea focuses attention on the non-lymphoid cells, reporting preliminary evidence for the presence of melanomacrophages and rodlet cells within the thymus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Thymic Microenvironment of the Common Sole, Solea solea

1991

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The thymus of the sole Solea solea contained lymphoblasts and thymocytes within a network of pale and dark epithelial cells. The pale cells were characterized by tonofilaments and desmosomes and some embraced rodlet cells within their cytoplasmic processes. The dark epithelial cells had numerous electron‐dense inclusions and electron‐lucent vacuoles. Lymphocytes were closely associated with the plasma membrane of both types of epithelial cells and with macrophages. Breakdown of effete lymphocytes appeared to be the main function of the macrophages. Some macrophages were multinucleated. Those containing melanin granules associated with phagosomes were classified as melanomacrophages. Pigment cells including melanophores and guanophores were present along the connective tissue trabeculae and surrounding the blood vessels. A few plasma cells and mucous cells were present.

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Thymic hormones in cancer diagnostics and treatment

Bodey¹

2001

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy

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The thymus is an endocrine organ. A unified, physiological concept of humoral regulation of the immune response emerged in the last three decades. The thymus is the primary major site of production of immunocompetent T-lymphocytes from their haematopoietic stem cells. The thymus provides a superior humoral microenvironment for the development of immunocompetent T-lymphocytes. Although yolk sac derived pre-T stem cells enter the thymus using a homing receptor, the immigration process requires also secretion of a peptide, called thymotaxin by the cells of the reticulo-epithelial (RE) network. This complex process requires direct cell to cell, receptor based interactions, as well as in situ paracrine information via the numerous cytokines and thymic hormones produced by the RE cells of thymic microenvironment. Thymic hormones induce in situ T-lymphocyte marker differentiation, expression and functions. These polypeptide hormones have also been shown by means of immunocytochemistry to localise in the RE cells of the thymic cellular microenvironment. Based on the complexity of the intrathymic maturation sequence of T-lymphocytes and the increasing numbers of T-lymphocyte subpopulations that are being identified, it would be surprising if a single thymic humoral factor could control all of the molecular steps and cell populations involved. Rather, it would appear that the control of intrathymic T-lymphocyte maturation and functional maturation involves a complex number of thymic-specific factors and other molecules that rigidly control the intermediary steps in the differentiation process. Thymosin fraction 5 (TF5) and its component polypeptides influence a variety of lymphocyte properties including cyclic nucleotide levels, migration inhibitory factor production, T-dependent antibody production and expression of certain surface maturation/differentiation markers. Recently, thymic hormones, mostly thymosins have been employed not only in neoplasms' early detection but also in clinical trials to strengthen the effects of immunomodulators in immunodeficiencies, autoimmune diseases and neoplastic malignancies. Combined chemoimmunotherapeutical antineoplastic treatment seems to be useful. Generally, haematopoietic toxicity of every chemotherapeutical clinical trial can be reduced significantly by the immunotherapy, compared to 50% in patients treated with chemotherapy alone.

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The thymus gland in the loricariidean catfish Harttia sp.

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Anatomy and cytology of the thymus in juvenile Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri

Anatomy and cytology of the thymus in juvenile Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri

The Thymic Microenvironment of the Common Sole, Solea solea

Thymic hormones in cancer diagnostics and treatment

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