The time course of minimal excitatory post‐synaptic potentials evoked in spinal motoneurones by group la afferent fibres

Abstract

SUMMARY1. Group Ia EPSPs were recorded from lumbosacral motoneurones in anaesthetized cats after almost complete section of the relevant dorsal roots. The EPSPs were usually of small amplitude (median value of 230 1V) and an averaging device was used to improve the definition of their time course.2. From a total of over 500 averaged EPSPs a smaller number (342) were subjected to analysis. The other EPSPs were rejected either because they showed signs of multiple origin in the rising phase of their time course (see Methods) or because the resting membrane potential of the cell was less than 50 mV. All the selected EPSPs had their rise time (from the 10 to the 90 % level) and half-width measured, and a semilogarithmic plot of their decay time course was made.3. 252 of the EPSPs showed an exponential decline in their later time course and the slope of this line was used to give an estimate of the membrane time constant. The range of the time constant for different motoneurones was 2 3-12 9 msec, with a mean value of 5-8 msec.4. In ten cells an EPSP was recorded which was judged to be generated exclusively by synaptic knobs located on the soma. J. J. B. JACK AND OTHERSThe estimated value of a ranged from 18 to 65. A positive correlation was found between ax and Tm, indicating that for these EPSPs the duration of current injection was independent of the membrane time constant. The peak time of the wave form of current injection was between 0.1 and 0*25 msec.The estimates ofpO, were not thought to be very accurate. A lower limit of 4 was assumed and the highest measured value was 12, but in three cells the time course of the EPSP could not be fitted even with a very high value of p,,. Some possible explanations for this discrepancy are mentioned in the Discussion.The electrotonic length of the dendrites (L) was usually greater than l O A and ranged between 0 75 and 1-5 A. Evidence for an open-circuit termination of the dendrites was found in some cells.5. The normalized values of the rise time and half-width were used to make an electrotonic distance allocation to the 246 EPSPs which were judged to be non-somatic. The method of allocation was not precise because individual values of p, and L were not available for these motoneurones. Instead, a maximum possible range was assumed: for po,, 4-25; for L, 0-75-1*5. The range of a was also assumed, from 12 to 100. With these values the motoneurone model (Jack & Redman, 1971 b) was used to set limits within which the normalized rise time and half-width of all EPSPs, generated by current at a single point, should lie. Twenty of the 246 EPSPs lay outside these boundary lines and hence they did not receive a distance allocation. The remaining 226 were assigned values between 0-2 and 1F6 A (in 0-2 A steps); the majority of the allocations (183) were to the proximal electrotonic part of the dendrites (0-2, 0-4 or 0-6 A).The relationship of these distance allocations to the histological results of Conradi (1969) is discussed.6. It is concluded that there is no good evidence a...

Statistical fluctuations in charge transfer at Ia synapses on spinal motoneurones.

“…The number of synaptic terminals on one motoneurone which arise from a single Ia afferent is small, and variable (see Jack et al 1971 for discussion). In general, only one or two boutons will be involved.…”

“…667 668 F. R. EDWARDS, S. J. REDMAN AND B. WALMSLEY Intracellular currents were applied via these same electrodes. The micro-electrode preamplifier has been previously described (lansek & Redman, 1973a) (Jack, Miller, Porter & Redman, 1971) and subsequently analysed. Permanent storage of results on computer tape was commenced only.…”

Multifunctional Laryngeal Premotor Neurons: Their Activities during Breathing, Coughing, Sneezing, and Swallowing

“…A reliable criterion of a monosynaptic connection is a 10 -90% rise time of a PSP of Յ0.5 ms (Kirkwood, 1979). However, many monosynaptic postsynaptic potentials have longer rise times (Jack et al, 1971;Ezure and Manabe, 1989;Jiang and Lipski, 1990;Tian et al, 1999). When the 10 -90% rise time was Ͼ0.5 ms and Յ1.2 ms, we used an additional criterion of the similarity of antidromic and orthodromic latencies as shown by Ezure and Manabe (1988).…”

How to Enhance Ipsilateral Actions of Pyramidal Tract Neurons

“…The second was to increase the effectiveness of synaptic transmission between PT and reticulospinal neurons and between the reticulospinal neurons and the commissural interneurons by a K ϩ channel blocker, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). 4-AP has been shown previously to be highly effective in spinal pathways (Jack et al, 1971;Jankowska et al, 1977) and is clinically beneficial (Nashmi and Fehlings, 2001). Both procedures were effective.…”