The tomato 66.3-kD polyphenoloxidase gene: molecular identification and developmental expression.

Shahar, Tamar; Hennig, Nava; Gutfinger, Tamar; Hareven, Dana; Lifschitz, Eliezer

doi:10.1105/tpc.4.2.135

Cited by 88 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The deduced amino acid sequences of the PPO cDNAs [4,19,35,46], contain N-terminal regions characteristic of plastid transit peptides, and two regions characteristic of tyrosinase CuA and CuB copper binding sites of mammalian, bacterial, and fungal tyrosinases. No evidence exists for genes encoding 40-45 kDa PPOs, nor for PPOs which lack transit peptides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expression of PPO appears to be complex [19,35,46]. Immunogold localization experiments [35] indicate that in the tomato cultivar 'Tiny Tim', PPO is expressed in epidermal cells during early leaflet, floral, and root morphogenesis, and becomes undetectable as the leaflet matures, whereas PPO mRNA in leaflet palisade cells is expressed only in later development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunogold localization experiments [35] indicate that in the tomato cultivar 'Tiny Tim', PPO is expressed in epidermal cells during early leaflet, floral, and root morphogenesis, and becomes undetectable as the leaflet matures, whereas PPO mRNA in leaflet palisade cells is expressed only in later development. In contrast, potato PPO is detectable in leaflets throughout leaf nodes 1-11, although PPO transcripts are only detectable in the apical four leaf nodes [ 19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organisation of the tomato polyphenol oxidase gene family

et al. 1993

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We report the isolation and characterization of seven nuclear genes encoding polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. VFNT Cherry). The seven genes (PPOs A, A', B, C, D, E and F) fall into three structural classes (I, II, and III) based on Eco RI and Hind III restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP). RFLP mapping and PFGE analysis demonstrated that the genes reside on chromosome 8, and may be clustered within a 165 kb region. Phage insert mapping demonstrated PPO E and PPO F (both class III), and PPOs B, D and A (classes I, II and I respectively) are grouped within separate 12.4 kb clusters. The complete nucleotide sequence was determined for each gene. Comparison to cDNAs revealed that the PPOs lack introns. A transcript of about 2 kb is expected for each PPO. Each PPO possesses a region encoding a transit peptide characteristic of polypeptides targeted to the thylakoid lumen. Predicted precursor polypeptides range in mass from 66 to 71 kDa and predicted mature polypeptides range from 57 to 62 kDa. All the PPOs encode two putative copper-binding sites characteristic of bacterial, fungal and mammalian tyrosinases. Five of the seven PPOs possess divergent DNA sequences in their 5' promoter regions. These flanking sequence differences may regulate the differential expression of PPO genes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organisation of the tomato polyphenol oxidase gene family

et al. 1993

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“…ledenous plants and all encode mature proteins of 56-62 kDa plus an 8-12 kDa transit peptide [2,6,9,11,15,19,21]. PPO has been shown to be encoded by multigene families in broad bean, tomato and potato [6,15,21], but only a single PPO gene was identified in grape berries [91.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of a full-length cDNA encoding polyphenol oxidase from sugarcane, a C4 grass

1996

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Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in sugarcane (a C4 grass) was highest in the growing point and declined down the stalk. Sugarcane PPO with an apparent molecular mass of 45 kDa was purified to homogeneity from immature stem tissue. Western analysis of sugarcane extracts with a polyclonal antibody raised to this protein suggested it resulted from cleavage of a 60 kDa protein during purification. The antibody was used to screen a sugarcane stem cDNA library. A full-length PPO clone (sugppo 1) was characterised and shown to encode a 67 kDa precursor protein comprising a plastid transit sequence of 8 kDa and a mature PPO protein of 59 kDa. High levels of expression of sugppo 1 were detected in the growing point of the stalk and in the immature tissue immediately below it, but no message was detected in RNA from mature stem or leaf. Comparison with other PPO sequences indicated that sugppo 1 was significantly different to PPO genes in C3 dicotyledonous plants.

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“…Enzymatic and molecular genetic studies on phenol oxidase are reported on peach (Wong et al ., 1971), mango (Robinson et al ., 1993), potato (Hunt et al ., 1993) and tomato (Shahar et al ., 1992 ; . On the other hand, in the case of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), varietal variation for the coloring of grains with phenol has been investigated (Takasugi, 1937), but all the varieties tested were stained, more or less, and no inheritance study of the trait has been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance and geographical distribution of phenol reaction-less varieties of barley

Takeda

Chang

1996

Euphytica

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The reaction of spikes and grains of barley to phenol was investigated using 8,849 cultivated and 349 wild accessions collected from the world . The pericarp and hull of the grain were stained dark brown by a 1 % phenol solution and the reaction of awn was sharpest . Phenol reaction was controlled by a dominant gene, named Phr (phenol reaction) which was located on chromosome 2 . All the wild strains of various Hordeum species showed a positive reaction to phenol indicating it was the prototype of the trait . Only 51 accessions of cultivated barley showed negative reaction to phenol . They were distributed along the so-called 'Silk-road' and the type of variety was limited suggesting that it was a rather new mutation which occurred in the Middle East . Synteny of the chromosome region involving the phenol reaction gene in some gramineous plants was discussed .

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The tomato 66.3-kD polyphenoloxidase gene: molecular identification and developmental expression.

Cited by 88 publications

References 29 publications

Organisation of the tomato polyphenol oxidase gene family

Organisation of the tomato polyphenol oxidase gene family

Isolation of a full-length cDNA encoding polyphenol oxidase from sugarcane, a C4 grass

Inheritance and geographical distribution of phenol reaction-less varieties of barley

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