The Total Antioxidant Status in Cigarette Smoking Individuals

Abstract

Active smokers are exposed to reactive free radicals that are present in cigarette smoke. Oxygen free radicals, including superoxide, hydroxyl radicals, peroxyl radical hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygen, are highly reactive species that can cause a wide spectrum of cell damage including enzyme inactivation, lipid peroxidation, protein and lipoprotein oxidation, and DNA damage. Free radicals are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The purpose of the present study was to measure the total antioxidant status (TAS) in active cigarette smoking individuals in Mosul city. Twenty active smokers and twenty nonsmokers participated1in the study. Blood sample was taken from each individual and the TAS had been measured in the sera using the Cayman chemical antioxidant assay kit (USA). The results obtained from the study revealed a significant (P<0.001) reduction of the TAS in the smoker's group as compared with the non-smoker's group. In conclusion, smokers possess low TAS than non smokers which may be due to the presence of high amounts of free radicals in cigarette smoke that generate an oxidative stress in the smoker's body that may cause exhaustion of antioxidants of the body.

Relationship between smoking and total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, vit C, vit E

“…One of the most important factors that make a contribution to oxidative stress is smoking. Cigarette smoke contains a great number of oxidants and this situation is held responsible for many negative effects caused by smoking . Similar to the literature knowledge, in our study, TAS value was statistically lower in smokers than in non‐smokers; TOS and OSI values were statistically higher in smokers.…”

“…Smokers have low antioxidant values than non‐smokers which may be because of the presence of high amounts of free radicals present in cigarette smoke that generate an oxidative stress in the smoker bodies, causing an exhaustion of the antioxidants of the body. In a study performed by Mahmood et al in Mosul on 20 active smokers and 20 non‐smokers, TAS average was found significantly and statistically lower in smokers than in non‐smokers. Similar to our study, in the study of Kose et al, TOS and OSI average was high in smokers and TAS average was significantly lower in smokers than in non‐smokers.…”

“…These differences indicate that TAS and TOS values are affected by many factors. Some of them can be regarded as stress, ischemia, haemorrhage, infections, radioactivity, medicines, long‐lasting metabolic diseases, sun ray, smoking and aging process …”

“…Tobacco contains a large number of free radicals. Tobacco plays a crucial role to upset oxidative balance because of the free radicals present in it …”

Effect of Cigarette Smoke on Salivary Total Antioxidant Capacity

“…Hammo Mahmoud et al 2 measured plasma level of TAoC in smokers’ antecubital venous blood using a similar test to that of the present study and showed a significant reduction in total antioxidant status in smokers.…”