The toxic effects of microcystin-LR on the reproductive system of male rats in vivo and in vitro

Li, Yan; Sheng, Jie; Sha, Jiahao; Han, Xiaodong

doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2008.09.004

Cited by 117 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It was observed that MC-LR significantly increased apoptotic DNA fragmentation and the ratio of necrotic cells. These results showed that oxidative stress was responsible for apoptosis induced by MC-LR, and the reduced production of testosterone in Leydig cells could result in reproductive toxicity [62]. However, two studies later by the same group [51,66] and a further study [67] reported that MC-LR did not enter and had no cytotoxicity on Leydig cells.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In another study, Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with MC-LR (i.p.) at a dose of 5, 10 or 15 g/(kg day) for 28 days [62]. Exposure to 5 g/kg MC-LR decreased sperm motility and increased sperm abnormality rate, and 15 g/kg MC-LR led to the decrease of testis weight, sperm concentration, and the levels of serum testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).…”

Section: Pure Microcystins (-Lr) (Table 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under the regulation of luteinizing hormone (LH), Leydig cells synthesize and secrete the androgens (testosterone) into seminiferous to promote spermatogenesis, and as such chemical injury to Leydig cells may lead to impaired male fertility [62]. When primary cultured Leydig cells were exposed to MC-LR they exhibited decreased testosterone production.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because MC-LR was not observed to be distributed to Leydig cells in vitro, the authors inferred that in the acute/subacute experiment, MC-LR did not directly act on the testosterone synthesis pathway in Leydig cells. A possible explanation is cell membrane damage in Li et al's experiment [62,66]. Thus, the toxicity of MC-LR on Leydig cells and testosterone synthesis could be achieved in an indirect way, with a large probability that the dysfunction of Leydig cells is a secondary effect due to the damage of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis caused by MC-LR [51,66,67].…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A review of reproductive toxicity of microcystins

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials

309

126

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Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Pure Microcystins (-Lr) (Table 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A review of reproductive toxicity of microcystins

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials

309

126

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“…On the basis that MCs can induce rat testis cell apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro (Li et al, 2008;Zegura et al, 2008;Xiong et al, 2009), and that p53, Bax and Bcl-2 protein are vital regulator of apoptosis, it is of consequence to find out whether the expression of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 protein are involved in the mechanisms of MCs induced apoptosis. The present study was undertaken to determine the expression level of p53 and Bax, Bcl-2 in rat testis, so the results will deepen our understanding about the toxicology mechanism of MCs on male rat reproductive system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involment of p53, Bax, and Bcl‐2 pathway in microcystins‐induced apoptosis in rat testis

Xie

et al. 2011

Environmental Toxicology

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It has been reported that microcystins (MCs) could accumulate in the gonads of mammals and MCs exposure exerts obvious toxic effects on male reproductive system of mammals. We have comfirmed that MCs could accumulate and induce apoptosis in rat testis. The p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 protein play important roles in mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway, and this study aimed to investigate whether the p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 pathway is involved in microcystins-induced apoptosis in rat testis and discussed the possible mechanisms. Our results show that MCs led to persistent increase of transcriptional and protein level of P53 and Bax expression but led to decrease of Bcl-2 expression, resulting in an increased ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, which might contribute to apoptotic cell death of rat testis following MCs treatment. The increased ratio of expression of Bax to that of Bcl-2 induced by MCs suggests their important role in MCs-induced apoptosis in rat testis tissue.

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Overview of developmental and reproductive toxicity research in china: History, funding mechanisms, and frontiers of the research

Wu¹

2010

Birth Defects Research Pt B

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Reproductive and developmental toxicology (DART) is the discipline that deals with adverse effects on male and female resulting from exposures to harmful chemical and physical agents. DART research in China boasted a long history, but presently has fallen behind the western world in education and research. The funding mechanisms for DART research in China were similar to that for other toxicological disciplines, and the funding has come from research grants and fellowships provided by national, ministerial, and provincial institutions. Finally, the frontiers of DART research in China could be summarized as follows: (1) use of model animals such as the zebrafish and roundworm, and use of cutting-edge techniques such as stem cell culture, as well as transgenic, metabonomic, and virtual screening to study the mechanisms of developmental toxicity for some important toxicants in China; (2) use of model animals and other lower-level sentinel organisms to evaluate and monitor the developmental toxicogical risk of environmental chemicals or pollutants; (3) epidemiological studies of some important reproductive hazards; (4) in-depth studying of the reproductive and developmental toxicity of some important environmental chemicals; and (5) evaluation and study of the reproductive and developmental toxicity of traditional Chinese medicines.

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The toxic effects of microcystin-LR on the reproductive system of male rats in vivo and in vitro

Cited by 117 publications

References 32 publications

A review of reproductive toxicity of microcystins

A review of reproductive toxicity of microcystins

Involment of p53, Bax, and Bcl‐2 pathway in microcystins‐induced apoptosis in rat testis

Overview of developmental and reproductive toxicity research in china: History, funding mechanisms, and frontiers of the research

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