The transient observation-based particle (TOP) model and its potential application in radiation effects evaluation

Benck, Sylvie; Cyamukungu, Mathias; Cabrera, J.; Mazzino, L.; Pierrard, Viviane

doi:10.1051/swsc/2013024

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…More details concerning the validation and the filtering method applied to the data are described in the Technical Note of PROBA‐V/EPT data production (Borisov & Cyamukungu, ) and in the article Cyamukungu et al (). The observations of EPT are used to complete the Transient Observation‐based Particle (TOP) model (Benck et al, ) that gives the dynamics of the electron fluxes during quiet and geomagnetically disturbed periods at Low Earth Orbit, also based on DEMETER and SAC‐C satellite observations.…”

Section: Time Variations In Ept Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Megaelectron Volt Electrons Observed in the Inner Belt by PROBA‐V/EPT

2019

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Using the observations of the EPT (Energetic Particle Telescope) onboard the satellite PROBA-V, we study the dynamics of inner and outer belt electrons from 500 keV to 8 MeV during quiet periods and geomagnetic storms. This high time-resolution (2-s) spectrometer operating at the altitude of 820 km on a low polar orbit is providing continuously valuable electrons fluxes for already 5 years. We emphasize especially that some megaeleactron volt electrons are observed in low quantities in the inner belt, even during periods when they are not observed by Van Allen Probes. We show that they are not due to proton contamination but to clear injections of particles from the outer belt during strong geomagnetic storms of March and June 2015, and September 2017. Electrons with lower energy are injected also during less strong storms and the L shell of the electron flux peak in the outer belt shifts inward with a high dependence on the electron energy. With the new high-resolution EPT instrument, we can study the dynamics of relativistic electrons, including megaelectron volt electrons in the inner radiation belt, revealing how and when such electrons are injected into the inner belt and how long they reside there before being scattered into the Earth's atmosphere or lost by other mechanisms.Plain Language Summary New high resolution EPT/PROBA-V measurements of the electrons fluxes allow us to better understand the dynamics of the electrons in the inner and outer radiation belts. EPT put in perspective the VAP discovery that the expected population of MeV electrons in the inner belt was "missing" and that previous studies suggesting a long-lived, relatively static inner radiation belts likely misidentified penetrating protons as inner belt electrons. Some MeV electrons are observed by EPT in the inner belt, but in very low quantity. This observation of EPT cannot be due to proton contamination since injections associated to geomagnetic storms are clearly identified. The new capability of EPT to well discriminate the particle species and energy ranges led to new discoveries concerning their source and loss mechanisms regarding the dynamics in this region.

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Section: Time Variations In Ept Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Megaelectron Volt Electrons Observed in the Inner Belt by PROBA‐V/EPT

2019

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“…Flux variations observed by EPT as a function of Dst events will be used to complete the dynamic empirical TOP model of electron fluxes developed on the basis of averaged flux increase and decay times after storms observed in different (B, L bins) and for different energies by the LEO satellites SAC-C and DEMETER (Benck et al, 2010(Benck et al, , 2013.…”

Section: Analysis Of Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of the big storm events in the first half of 2015 on the radiation belts observed by EPT/PROBA-V

Pierrard

Rosson

2016

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. With the energetic particle telescope (EPT) performing with direct electron and proton discrimination on board the ESA satellite PROBA-V, we analyze the highresolution measurements of the charged particle radiation environment at an altitude of 820 km for the year 2015. On 17 March 2015, a big geomagnetic storm event injected unusual fluxes up to low radial distances in the radiation belts. EPT electron measurements show a deep dropout at L>4 starting during the main phase of the storm, associated to the penetration of high energy fluxes at L<2 completely filling the slot region. After 10 days, the formation of a new slot around L = 2.8 for electrons of 500-600 keV separates the outer belt from the belt extending at other longitudes than the South Atlantic Anomaly. Two other major events appeared in January and June 2015, again with injections of electrons in the inner belt, contrary to what was observed in 2013 and 2014. These observations open many perspectives to better understand the source and loss mechanisms, and particularly concerning the formation of three belts.

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“…Benck et al. (2013) also analyzed statistically electron flux observations from DEMETER and SAC‐C at Low Earth Orbit (LEO) during quiet and disturbed periods and developed a transient observation‐based particle (TOP) model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Dropout Events and Flux Enhancements Associated With Geomagnetic Storms Observed by PROBA‐V/Energetic Particle Telescope From 2013 to 2019

et al. 2020

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Magnetospheric perturbations driven by the solar wind cause substantial fluctuations of outer belt electron fluxes over short timescales. Such events are called dropouts. During these depletion events, the electron flux > 0.1 MeV can drop by several orders of magnitude in less than a few hours, often during geomagnetic storms (Turner et al., 2012). Reeves et al. (2003) performed a pioneering study of the variations of 1.8-3.5 MeV electron fluxes to geomagnetic storms from 1989 through 2000. They found that 53% of the storms caused an enhancement of the fluxes of electrons at geosynchronous orbit in comparison to the prestorm flux, 19% caused a decrease in fluxes, while 28% resulted in no significant change of fluxes. Benck et al. (2013) also analyzed statistically electron flux observations from DEMETER and SAC-C at Low Earth Orbit (LEO) during quiet and disturbed periods and developed a transient observation-based particle (TOP) model. Many storms were later studied with Van Allen Probes launched in September 2012 (cf. review of Ripoll et al., 2020 and more specifically, the introduction of Turner et al., 2019 for a review on studies dedicated to storms). Turner et al. (2019) made a very complete analysis of the flux evolution during 110 storms that occurred between September 2012 and September 2017. It complemented the study of Turner et al. (2015) in which the authors had analyzed 52 storms from September 2012 to February 2015. For 1.5 MeV electrons at L = 6, they found 39% of the storms resulted in an enhancement, 26% resulted in depletion, and 35% resulted in no significant change in relative levels of the prestorm and post storm electron fluxes. They also reported that MeV electrons had the highest occurrence of dropout mainly at L > 4. Moya et al. (2017) considered 78 storms between September 2012 and June 2016. They observed that more intense storms caused the radiation belt to move inward toward the Earth.

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The transient observation-based particle (TOP) model and its potential application in radiation effects evaluation

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Dynamics of Megaelectron Volt Electrons Observed in the Inner Belt by PROBA‐V/EPT

Dynamics of Megaelectron Volt Electrons Observed in the Inner Belt by PROBA‐V/EPT

The effects of the big storm events in the first half of 2015 on the radiation belts observed by EPT/PROBA-V

Electron Dropout Events and Flux Enhancements Associated With Geomagnetic Storms Observed by PROBA‐V/Energetic Particle Telescope From 2013 to 2019

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