The transmission of European foulbrood (<i>Melissococcus plutonius</i>) to artificially reared honey bee larvae (<i>Apis mellifera</i>)

McKee, Ben; Goodman, Russell David; Hornitzky, M.

doi:10.1080/00218839.2004.11101117

Cited by 35 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The rearing of individual larvae in 96-well plates also reduced the BLD required in the assay compared with the larger cell volume dishes used by McKee et al (2004) and allowed for an accurate determination of infectious doses as larvae consumed all of the BLD containing M. plutonius or P. alvei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An added advantage of rearing larvae in individual wells was that they were less likely to be injured compared to previously reported methods where multiple larvae were grafted in larger cell culture dishes and later transferred into single wells (McKee et al, 2004). The rearing of individual larvae in 96-well plates also reduced the BLD required in the assay compared with the larger cell volume dishes used by McKee et al (2004) and allowed for an accurate determination of infectious doses as larvae consumed all of the BLD containing M. plutonius or P. alvei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, only one reliable method for infecting colonies or laboratory raised larvae with M. plutonius has been published (McKee et al, 2004). This method was successful in transmitting disease by feeding M. plutonius from EFB diseased material using EFB diseased larval extracts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the dose required to produce disease could only be estimated as the amount of infective material consumed by the larvae could not be accurately determined. EFB could not be 152 T. Giersch et al transmitted by feeding M. plutonius cultures grown on an artificial medium, using the McKee et al (2004) assay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can fatty acids and oxytetracycline protect artificially raised larvae from developing European foulbrood?

Giersch¹,

Barchia²,

Hornitzky³

2009

Apidologie

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-A quantitative assay for the transmission of European foulbrood (EFB) in artificially raised larvae was developed. This assay was used to determine the concentration of oxytetracycline (OTC) required to prevent larvae from developing EFB and whether 8 fatty acids (undecanoic, lauric [dodecanoic], myristic, myristoleic, ricinoleic, ricinelaidic, homo-y-linolenic and 13,16,19-docosatrienoic acids) which had previously been demonstrated to inhibit the growth of Melissococcus plutonius cultures, could protect larvae from developing EFB. The larval assay involved grafting individual larva (less than 24 hours old) into a single well in a micro-titre plate. Each larva was fed 10 µL of basic larval diet (BLD) containing 500 000 M. plutonius organisms. After 3 days the larvae were also fed 60 000 Paenibacillus alvei spores (a common secondary invader associated with EFB) in 10 µL BLD. The combination of these two organisms was required to reliably produce symptoms typical of that seen in field cases of EFB. Most larvae infected using this protocol died from EFB. To determine the efficacy of OTC, EFB infected larvae were fed 0, 1, 2.5, 5 10 or 20 µg/mL of OTC. Treatment with 1 µg/mL lowered the mortality rate from 93.75% to 69.5%. Treatments with 2.5 µg/mL to 10 µg/mL reduced the mortality rate further whereas treatment with 20 µg/mL reduced the rate to the same as the negative control. Larvae fed 20 or 200 µg/mL of each of the eight fatty acids were not protected from developing EFB.Melissococcus plutonius / European foulbrood treatment / oxytetracycline / Paenibacillus alvei / fatty acids

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Can fatty acids and oxytetracycline protect artificially raised larvae from developing European foulbrood?

Giersch¹,

Barchia²,

Hornitzky³

2009

Apidologie

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“…The bacteria cause the asymptomatic colonization of honey bee at first, until the time bees start to show symptoms of infections. Later on, bee larva die due to infection (Mckee, Goodman, & Hornitzky, 2004). EFB has not been reported from different countries and thus it is not believed to be a major factor to explain widespread colony loss.…”

Section: ) European Foulbroodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.) and Pollination Issues: Current status, impacts and potential drivers of decline

Paudel¹,

Mackereth²,

Hanley³

et al. 2015

JAS

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European honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) are important pollinators of many fruits, nuts, vegetables and field crops. Honey bees also pollinate different wild flowering plants and help to maintain the ecosystems. Currently, these pollinators are facing a number of threats including habitat destruction, pesticides, mites, parasites and loss of genetic diversity. Because of the decline in their number, there is a great loss of ecological services which impacts the world's economy. This review of honey bee and pollination issues highlights the need of protection and conservation of these important pollinators. Research is required to quantify the synergistic effects of potential drivers for current colony loss and to identify the ecotypes and native species of honey bees which are more resistant to pests, pathogens and pesticides.

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Honeybees

Vidal-Naquet¹

2011

Invertebrate Medicine

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The transmission of European foulbrood (Melissococcus plutonius) to artificially reared honey bee larvae (Apis mellifera)

Cited by 35 publications

References 19 publications

Can fatty acids and oxytetracycline protect artificially raised larvae from developing European foulbrood?

Can fatty acids and oxytetracycline protect artificially raised larvae from developing European foulbrood?

Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.) and Pollination Issues: Current status, impacts and potential drivers of decline

Honeybees

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