The Transparent Conductive Properties of Manganese-Doped Zinc Oxide Films Deposited by Chemical Bath Deposition

Fang, Jau–Shiung; Luo, W.H.; Hsu, Chia-Yang; Yang, Juan; Tsai, Tsung-Che

doi:10.1007/s11664-011-1770-2

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The Mn/Mg doped ZnO thin films were prepared by different methods such as spray pyrolysis method, sol-gel, pulsed laser deposition, chemical bath deposition and SILAR method [18][19][20][21][22]. Among these methods, SILAR attracts more interests because it offers several advantages such as high chemical homogeneity, low processing temperature, possibility of controlling the size and morphology of particles, simplicity and low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-structural, Morphological and Optical Properties of Pure and Metal (Mn & Mg) Doped ZnO Thin Films by Low Cost SILAR Method

Devi¹,

Selvan²,

Karunakaran

et al. 2019

Asian J. Chem.

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Pure and metals (Mn & Mg) doped zinc oxide (ZnO, ZnO/Mn and ZnO/Mg) thin films have been successfully grown onto a glass substrates by low cost SILAR method. The structural, morphological, compositional, functional group and optical properties of the prepared films were studied using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and EDAX, FTIR and UV-visible spectrophotometer, respectively. The structure of the films were found to be hexagonal with polycrystalline in nature with preferential orientation along (002) plane. From Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, the presence of functional groups and its corresponding molecular vibrations were assessed. In UV-visible spectroscopy, the obtained direct optical band gap values 3.46, 3.56 and 3.7 eV for pure, Mn and Mg doped ZnO thin films, respectively. Morphological results showed that the remarkable changes in morphology due to the effect of metal doping. EDAX studies showed that the presence of zinc and oxygen content and also a doping metal ions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-structural, Morphological and Optical Properties of Pure and Metal (Mn & Mg) Doped ZnO Thin Films by Low Cost SILAR Method

Devi¹,

Selvan²,

Karunakaran

et al. 2019

Asian J. Chem.

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“…However, experimental requirements as long processing times and high costs are required in common DMS synthesis [12], which represents a difficulty to implement it in short-term industrial applications [13]. On the other hand, [14,15] problems such as low adherence between the compound and the substrate used, non-uniform surfaces, and long deposition times, are present in the current low-cost methods that reduce the quality and durability of the devices. Consequently, an optimal technique to fabricate DMS materials is still lacking.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of Mn2Sb2 and Mn2Sb secondary phases on magnetism in (GaMn)Sb thin films

et al. 2020

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In this work, a detailed study of structural, electrical and magnetic characterization of (GaMn)Sb diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) is presented. (GaMn)Sb thin films were grown by DC magnetron co-sputtering method as an innovative procedure to fabricate III-V DMS. The presence of unusual Mn 2 Sb 2 and Mn 2 Sb secondary phases, induced by substrate temperature and deposition time, were revealed through XRD measurements. Magnetization measurements allow determining crossover between a paramagnetic-like to a ferromagnetic-like behavior controlled by secondary phases. It was found that both, the magnetic remanence and magnetic coercivity, increases with substrate temperature. Interestingly, the magnetic response is paramagnetic at lower deposition times and substrate temperatures, and XRD measurements suggest the absence of Mn 2 Sb and Mn 2 Sb 2 in secondary phases. For longer deposition times or higher substrate temperature, XRD shows the presence of Mn 2 Sb 2 and Mn 2 Sb phases and ferromagnetic-like behavior. The DC resistivity of our samples was characterized and the carrier density was determined by Hall measurements and, in contrast with the reported in other studies, found them to be a p-type semiconductor with carrier densities as big as one order of magnitude larger than reported values. From the ferromagnetic-like samples, evidence of an anomalous Hall-effect in the sample was found, with higher magnetic saturation and a anomalous Hall conductivity of 2380 S/cm. All the results point to a contribution of the secondary phases to the overall magnetic response of the samples used, and suggest the importance of studying the formation of secondary phases in the growth of DMS, especially, for the case of (GaMn)Sb where Mn ion can have multiple oxidation states.

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All Solution‐Processed Chalcogenide Solar Cells – from Single Functional Layers Towards a 13.8% Efficient CIGS Device

Romanyuk

Hagendorfer

Stücheli

et al. 2014

Adv Funct Materials

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Solution processing of inorganic thin fi lms has become an important thrust in material research community because it offers low-cost and high-throughput deposition of various functional coatings and devices. Especially inorganic thin fi lm solar cells -macroelectronic devices that rely on consecutive deposition of layers on large-area rigid and fl exible substrates -could benefi t from solution approaches in order to realize their low-cost nature. This article critically reviews existing deposition approaches of functional layers for chalcogenide solar cells with an extension to other thin fi lm technologies. Only true solutions of readily available metal salts in appropriate solvents are considered without the need of pre-fabricated nanoparticles. By combining three promising approaches, an air-stable Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 thin fi lm solar cell with effi ciency of 13.8% is demonstrated where all constituent layers (except the metal back contact) are processed from solutions. Notably, water is employed as the solvent in all steps, highlighting the potential for safe manufacturing with high utilization rates. remarkable improvements in conversion effi ciency. [ 1 ] The highest effi ciency of 21.0% has been achieved for two thin fi lm technologies so far: Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGS) [ 2 ] and CdTe. [ 3 ] Remarkably, both CIGS and CdTe records are exceeding the highest value of 20.4% for the market leading polycrystalline silicon wafer technology. Kesterite Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe) solar cells are often considered as low-cost alternatives to CIGS and CdTe because they consist of only earth-abundant and nontoxic elements although the effi ciency is currently limited to 12.6% (12.7% not certifi ed). [ 4 ] Well-established dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and amorphous silicon (a-Si) technology peak at 12.3% and 13.4%, respectively. [ 1 ] The most recent boom in TFPV -organometallic halide perovskite cells -has shown an incredible spurt by advancing effi ciency from below 5% to 17.9%(!) within just 3 years. [ 5 ] On the border to classical TFSC is the thin crystalline silicon technology that employs liftoff of 50-micrometer-thick Si wafers to yield up to 21.2%-efficient solar cells. [ 6 ] These massive research and development efforts in the fi eld of TFSC clearly refl ect their commercial value for manufacturing inexpensive effi cient solar modules -rigid or fl exible. Functional layers for the high effi ciency devices are deposited mostly in a batch-to-batch manner using vacuum-based methods such as evaporation, sputtering, or chemical vapor deposition. For example, Figure 1 exhibits a cross-section of a >20% effi cient CIGS solar cell in the so-called substrate confi guration, where 5 out of 6 functional layers are deposited by evaporation or sputtering. In this respect, non-vacuum deposition methods are often promoted as alternative approaches to reduce capital investment costs, offer fast roll-to-roll (R2R) processing and eventually reduce the PV module prices. Particularly desirable among non-vacuum approaches are solutionb...

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The Transparent Conductive Properties of Manganese-Doped Zinc Oxide Films Deposited by Chemical Bath Deposition

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Micro-structural, Morphological and Optical Properties of Pure and Metal (Mn & Mg) Doped ZnO Thin Films by Low Cost SILAR Method

Micro-structural, Morphological and Optical Properties of Pure and Metal (Mn & Mg) Doped ZnO Thin Films by Low Cost SILAR Method

The effect of Mn2Sb2 and Mn2Sb secondary phases on magnetism in (GaMn)Sb thin films

All Solution‐Processed Chalcogenide Solar Cells – from Single Functional Layers Towards a 13.8% Efficient CIGS Device

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