The Uncertainty Regarding Antiretinal Antibodies

Forooghian, Farzin

doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2015.0812

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…14 There is no consensus on which, if any, antiretinal antibodies can exert a pathogenic role, or whether they can act as initial triggers or arise as the result of retinal damage. 15 Our negative experience with IVIg would rather point to antiretinal antibodies as a retinal atrophy-related epiphenomenon, since their blockage did not change progression of the disease. On the other hand, abatacept is an inhibitor of T cell costimulatory CD28-dependent signals, which secondary action on down-regulating antibody production has led to propose its use in organ-specific autoimmune diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Long term follow-up and effect of immunosuppression in acute zonal occult outer retinopathy

Guijarro

Muñoz

Alejandre

et al. 2020

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) is a rare syndrome characterized by sudden onset of photopsia, scotomas, and abnormal electrophysiological tests, predominantly affecting young women. Although its pathogenesis remains unknown, auto-reactivity to retinal components is thought to mediate tissue damage. A 42-year-old woman presented with symptoms and examination consistent with the diagnosis of AZOOR. She was treated with azathioprine for 5 years. In spite of the immunosuppressive treatment, clear progression in the visual field, autofluorescence, electrophysiological tests and optical coherence tomography was observed. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) and subcutaneous Abatacept was subsequently started with little efficacy. Hereby, we present a case of progressive AZOOR despite aggressive immunosuppression with 10-year follow up. Currently, there is no consensus regarding management of AZOOR, and the convenience of administering aggressive immunosuppression remains uncertain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Long term follow-up and effect of immunosuppression in acute zonal occult outer retinopathy

Guijarro

Muñoz

Alejandre

et al. 2020

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…This study raises some concerns over validity of testing anti-retinal Abs as the sole laboratory basis for diagnosis of AIR (6). The findings in AIR patients that prompted us to develop this model suggested that detection of T cell responses to recoverin could be the most definitive diagnostic criteria (13,39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, the expression of these proteins is not restricted to retina, and autoantibodies against them have been detected in various autoimmune diseases (5). One of the ARA most correlated with AIR is anti-recoverin Ab (6). Recoverin, a 23-kDa retina-specific calcium-binding protein in photoreceptors, was first identified as an immune target in patients with CAR (7,8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Cell Infiltration into the Eye Is Controlled by IL-10 in Recoverin-Induced Autoimmune Retinopathy

Nikoopour

Lin

Sheskey

et al. 2019

The Journal of Immunology

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Autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) is a treatable condition that manifests in acute and progressive vision loss in patients. It has recently been determined that AIR is associated with an imbalance of T H 1 versus regulatory T cell immunity toward the retinal protein, recoverin. This study describes a new murine model to understand the immunopathology of AIR and its association with T cell responses toward recoverin. Immunization of C57BL/6 mice with recoverin resulted in ocular inflammation including infiltration of CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes, B cells, and CD11b + Ly6C + inflammatory monocytes in the eyes. Production of IFN-g and IL-17 from T cells was exacerbated in IL-10 knockout (KO) mice and kinetics of disease development was accelerated. Infiltration of T cells and inflammatory monocytes into the eyes dramatically increased in recoverin-immunized IL-10 KO mice. An immunodominant peptide of recoverin, AG-16, was capable of inducing disease in IL-10 KO mice and resulted in expansion of AG-16 tetramer-specific CD4 + T cells in lymphoid organs and eyes. Adoptive transfer of recoverin-stimulated cells into naive mice was sufficient to induce AIR, and immunization of B cell-deficient mice led to a milder form of the disease. This model supports the hypothesis that recoverin-specific T cell responses are major drivers of AIR pathogenesis and that IL-10 is an important factor in protection.

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“…Etiologies of nonarteritic CRAO include trauma, hypercoagulable states, sickle cell disease, and vasospastic migraine. Rarely, iatrogenic embolus can lead to CRAO [1][2][3][4] ; for example, cosmetic facial filler injections, such as autologous fat, hyaluronic acid, or collagen, have been implicated. 5 Herein, we discuss a unique scenario of ophthalmic artery occlusion and CRAO following periocular triamcinolone acetonide injection.…”

Section: Observation Ophthalmic and Central Retinal Artery Occlusion ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Of the retinal autoantibodies in patients with CAR, antirecoverin is the most convincingly implicated. 2,3 The autoantibodies possibly destroy photoreceptor cells through the classical complement pathway. However, to our knowledge, an evaluation of the complement pathway in patients with CAR has not been published to date.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Complement Proteins in the Retina in Cancer-Associated Retinopathy

et al. 2019

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Cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) is a paraneoplastic syndrome typically associated with autoantibodies against cancer antigens that cross-react with antigens in the retina. 1 Of the retinal autoantibodies in patients with CAR, antirecoverin is the most convincingly implicated. 2,3 The autoantibodies possibly destroy photoreceptor cells through the classical complement pathway. However, to our knowledge, an evaluation of the complement pathway in patients with CAR has not been published to date. We searched for complement proteins in the retina of an affected eye.

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The Uncertainty Regarding Antiretinal Antibodies

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Long term follow-up and effect of immunosuppression in acute zonal occult outer retinopathy

Long term follow-up and effect of immunosuppression in acute zonal occult outer retinopathy

Immune Cell Infiltration into the Eye Is Controlled by IL-10 in Recoverin-Induced Autoimmune Retinopathy

Complement Proteins in the Retina in Cancer-Associated Retinopathy

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