The Unconscious Mind

Bargh, John A.; Morsella, Ezequiel

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2008.00064.x

Cited by 806 publications

(490 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Here, it is the social role of automatic imitation that creates trouble for the inheritance system hypothesis. Research in social psychology has shown the pervasive influence of various broadly imitative effects on action, in a way that is not subject to conscious control (Bargh & Ezequiel 2008). These are effects of a different kind than the goal-directed imitation discussed earlier.…”

Section: Recent Developments In the Evidence (A) High-fidelity Transmmentioning

confidence: 98%

Imitation as an inheritance system

Shea

2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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What is the evolutionary significance of the various mechanisms of imitation, emulation and social learning found in humans and other animals? This paper presents an advance in the theoretical resources for addressing that question, in the light of which standard approaches from the cultural evolution literature should be refocused. The central question is whether humans have an imitationbased inheritance system-a mechanism that has the evolutionary function of transmitting behavioural phenotypes reliably down the generations. To have the evolutionary power of an inheritance system, an imitiation-based mechanism must meet a range of demanding requirements. The paper goes on to review the evidence for and against the hypothesis that there is indeed an imitation-based inheritance system in humans.

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Section: Recent Developments In the Evidence (A) High-fidelity Transmmentioning

confidence: 98%

Imitation as an inheritance system

Shea

2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…The attempt to better understand these processes has led to an operational definition of unconsciousness as 'a lack of awareness regarding the influences or effects of a triggering stimulus.' 5,6 The psychologist and Nobel Prize winner in economics, Daniel Kahneman, has shown elegantly how our unconscious minds control our judgement and behaviour -and that we are 'hardwired' to ignore this fact. An evolutionary explanation for our brains working this way is easy to accept if one considers the advantages, for survival in a hostile environment, of quick and intuitive actions.…”

Section: The Conscious Mind's Bias Of Being In Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 One channel for behavioural priming is through the olfactory system, as odour has been shown to influence behaviour. Specifically, a fresh lemon fragrance, which invokes mental models of hygiene and cleanliness, has been demonstrated as having a positive effect on hand hygiene behaviour in a simulated environment.…”

Section: A C C E P T E Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental models: a basic concept for human factors design in infection prevention

Sax

Clack

2015

Journal of Hospital Infection

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Much of the effort devoted to promoting better hand hygiene is based on the belief that poor hand hygiene reflects poor motivation. We argue, however, that automatic unconscious behaviour driven by 'mental models' is an important contributor to what actually happens. Mental models are concepts of reality-imaginary, often blurred, and sometimes unstable. Human beings use them to reduce mental load and free up capacity in the conscious mind to focus on deliberate activities. They are pragmatic solutions to the complexity of life. Knowledge of such mental processes helps healthcare designers and clinicians overcome barriers to behavioural change. This article reviews the concept of mental models and considers how it can be used to improve hand hygiene and patient safety.

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“…This is in stark contrast to subliminal priming that typically involves presenting primed material on a computer below the field of focal vision so that an individual does not report any awareness of it. Bargh and Marsella (2008) have criticized the use of subliminal priming because of its lack of ecological validity. They argued that subliminal stimuli do not naturally occur, and further that they are too weak or brief in natural settings to have an enduring effect on behavior.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of primed goals on employee performance: Implications for human resource management

Shantz

Latham

2011

Human Resource Management

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There is overwhelming evidence in the behavioral sciences that consciously set goals can increase an employee's performance. Thus HR professionals have had little, if any reason to become interested in subconscious processes. In the past decade, however, laboratory experiments by social psychologists have shown that goals can be primed. That is, behavior is affected by goals that people are unaware of. Because a conscious goal consumes cognitive resources, this finding has implications for employee efficiency in the workplace. The present paper describes the results of priming a performance goal in two organizational settings. Call center employees who were primed through a photograph of a woman winning a race raised significantly more money from donors than those who were randomly assigned to a control group. A meta-analysis of three field experiments revealed an average d-statistic of .56 (p < .05).

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The Unconscious Mind

Cited by 806 publications

References 30 publications

Imitation as an inheritance system

Imitation as an inheritance system

Mental models: a basic concept for human factors design in infection prevention

The effect of primed goals on employee performance: Implications for human resource management

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