The Undescended Testis

Johnston, J. H.

doi:10.1136/adc.40.210.113

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Eine unmittelbare Beziehung besteht abet offenbar zwischen Dauer und Grad der Hodenretention (nach erfolgreicher Therapie auch der Hodengr6Be [15,24]) und der spateren Fertilit~.t. Anfang tier siebziger Jahre haben Pathologen und Kinderchirurgen [11,12] darauf hingewiesen, dab die Stammkeimzellen (Spermatogonien) im retinierten Hoden bereits jenseits des 2.…”

Section: Grundlagen Und Voraussetzungenunclassified

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62. Therapie des Hodenhochstandes aus p�diatrischer Sicht

Weber

1983

Langenbecks Arch Chiv

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Testicular descent and fertility seem to depend upon the normal structural and functional development of the testes and their adequate hormonal stimulation. Ultimately, both appear to be mediated by androgens. Maldescent is correlated with diminutions of both Leydig cells and spermatogonia when existent beyond the second year of life. Therefore, treatment of maldescent before two years of age is mandatory. Whenever possible a gonadotrophin-induced descent using either chorion-gonadotrophin (HCG) or an LH-RH analogon should be attempted before any surgical intervention. The success rates of these procedures have been demonstrated to range between 30 and 60 %.

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Section: Grundlagen Und Voraussetzungenunclassified

“…Die Differenz zur Scrotaltemperatur kann bei abdominaler Lage 2,2°C betragen [15]. Die Differenz zur Scrotaltemperatur kann bei abdominaler Lage 2,2°C betragen [15].…”

Section: Grundlagen Und Voraussetzungenunclassified

62. Therapie des Hodenhochstandes aus p�diatrischer Sicht

Weber

1983

Langenbecks Arch Chiv

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The treatment of undescended testes in infancy and childhood, and the timing of treatment have been reviewed recently by Johnston (1965) and by the Brit. med.

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confidence: 99%

Spontaneous alterations in position of the testes.

Villumsen¹,

Zachau-Christiansen²

1966

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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The treatment of undescended testes in infancy and childhood, and the timing of treatment have been reviewed recently by Johnston (1965) and by the Brit. med. J. (1965). From a practical point of view, it is important to know, (1) the incidence of undescended testes in the newbom, and (2) the spontaneous alterations in position of the testes during infancy and childhood. With regard to the first of these questions, we have reported an incidence of undescended testes at birth of 17% among premature and 1 8% among full-term boys (Buemann, Henriksen, Villumsen, Westh, and Zachau-Christiansen, 1961). These figures are similar to those reported by Scorer (1957).The aim of the present paper is to report spontaneous alterations in the position of testes, during the first 3 years of life, among 4,500 boys who are included in the Copenhagen University Hospital investigation of the influence of pregnancy and delivery upon the health and development of the child. MethodThe children were examined by a paediatrician on the first and fifth day of life. At the age of 1 and 3 years, they were invited for a re-examination in the hospital's out-patient clinic. Of the boys, 67% were seen at the 1-year examination, and about 50% at the 3-year examination. Only those boys who were thus examined are included in this study.Only after a painstaking attempt to get a testis which was not immediately palpable down into the scrotum was it considered to be undescended.

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“…The 'genuine dystopia' [8] (or undescended testes) has to be differentiated from ectopia [9] and retractile testes [10,11] (or gliding testes, 'Gleithoden' in the Ger man literature [12]). It has been known for many years that undescended or ectopic testes which are not in a scrotal position have abnormal spermatogenesis [13][14][15][16] and are liable to an increased risk of malignancy [16][17][18], testicular torsion [19] or trauma [20] and are associated with psychological disturbances [20][21][22]. In the last de cade the aim of treatment has been to achieve a perma nent scrotal position of the testes in order to prevent or minimize the above complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undescended Testis: Comparison of Two Protocols of Treatment with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

et al. 1988

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A randomized study of two protocols of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatment was performed in 183 prepubertal boys between 7 months and 12 years of age: protocol I, in which the boys were given 7 injections of 1,500 IU every other day, and protocol II consisting of 4 injections of 100 IU/kg at 4- to 5-day intervals. In both protocols, by the end of the test, testosterone had risen significantly to values within the normal adult male range. However, the amplitude of the rise was slightly but significantly lower using protocol II (4.08 ± 2.07 ng/ml) than protocol I (5.16 ± 2.73 ng/ml). It would thus appear that repetition of the hCG injection at intervals of less than 4 days is unnecessary, and that a total stimulation period of 2–3 weeks is sufficient. Although not correlated with testosterone levels, the success rates for treatment were similar in both protocols and comparable to rates reported in the literature.

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The Undescended Testis

Cited by 34 publications

References 49 publications

62. Therapie des Hodenhochstandes aus p�diatrischer Sicht

62. Therapie des Hodenhochstandes aus p�diatrischer Sicht

Spontaneous alterations in position of the testes.

Undescended Testis: Comparison of Two Protocols of Treatment with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

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