The United Nation’s Responsibility to Protect Civilians from Massive Human Rights Violations in Light of the Intervention in the Libyan Crisis in 2011

Abstract

Nuruye Beyan, hereby declare that this research paper is original and has never been presented in any other institution. To the best of my knowledge and belief, I also declare that any information used has been duly acknowledged. 2.2.1.3.The Guiding Principles for Military Intervention____________ A. Just cause Principle____________________________ B. The Precautionary Principles_____________________ C. Right Authority_______________________________ 2.3. The United Nations and The Responsibility to Protect____________________ 2.3.1. A More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility_____________________ 2.3.2. In Larger Freedom: Towards Development, Security and Human Rights for All, Report of the Secretary-General_______________________________ 2.3.3. The 2005 UN World Summit Outcome Document_____________________ 2.3.4. Other Relevant Documents______________________________________ 2.4. The Legal Status of the Responsibility to protect___________________________ CHAPTER THREE HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION AND THE CORE PRINCIPLES OF THE UN CHARTER IN LIGHT OF THE RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT 3.1. Introduction_______________________________________________________ 3.2. Humanitarian Intervention__________________________________________ 3.2.1. The Responsibility to Protect: Is a new name for Humanitarian Intervention? _____________________________________________ 3.3. The Core Principles of the UN Charter and the Responsibility to Protect 3.3.1. The principles of State Sovereignty and Non-intervention, and R2P__ 3.3.2. Prohibition of the Use of Force and R2P________________________ 3.3.3. Exceptions to Article 2, paragraph 4____________________________ A. Security Council Authorization____________________________ B. Individual or Collective Self-Defense_______________________ 8 CHAPTER FOUR THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY'S AND THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL'S RESPONSE TO THE LIBYAN CRISIS 4.1. Background to the Libyan Crisis _____________________________________ 4.2. The International Community's Initial Responses _______________________ 4.2.1. The Peace and Security Council of the African Union______________ 4.2.2. The Council of the League of Arab States_______________________ 4.2.3. The Council of the European Union____________________________ 4.2.4. The UN Security Council Resolution 1970______________________ 4.2.5. Other UN Bodies __________________________________________ 4.3. R2P in Action: The UNSC Resolution 1973 on Libya_____________________ 4.3.1. Responsibility to Protect in Security Council Resolution 1973_______ 4.3.1.1. Protection of Civilians and Civilian Populated Areas_____ 4.3.1.2. All Necessary Measures____________________________ 4.3.1.3. Notwithstanding Paragraph 9 and Excluding a Foreign Occupation Force_________________________________ 4.3.1.4. No Fly Zone_____________________________________ 4.3.2. Military Intervention and Regime change in Libya for the Protection of Civilians_________________________________________________ 4.3.3. The Responsibility to Protect: After Libya_______________________ 4.3.4. Chang...