The unusual structure of heat shock locus 2-48B in Drosophila hydei

Peters, F. P. A. M. N.; Lubsen, Nicolette H.; Walldorf, Uwe; Moormann, R.J.M.; Hovemann, Bernd

doi:10.1007/bf00329934

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Some of our results have been reported previously (Ranz et al 1997 and are included here for the sake of completeness only. Two additional genes mapped by other authors, Hsr (Peters et al 1984) and orb (H. Naveira, pers. comm.…”

Section: Chief Map Featuresmentioning

confidence: 88%

See 1 more Smart Citation

How Malleable is the Eukaryotic Genome? Extreme Rate of Chromosomal Rearrangement in the GenusDrosophila

Ranz

Casals²,

Ruíz³

2001

Genome Res.

163

136

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During the evolution of the genus Drosophila, the molecular organization of the major chromosomal elements has been repeatedly rearranged via the fixation of paracentric inversions. Little detailed information is available, however, on the extent and effect of these changes at the molecular level. In principle, a full description of the rate and pattern of change could reveal the limits, if any, to which the eukaryotic genome can accommodate reorganizations. We have constructed a high-density physical map of the largest chromosomal element in Drosophila repleta (chromosome 2) and compared the order and distances between the markers with those on the homologous chromosomal element (3R) in Drosophila melanogaster. The two species belong to different subgenera (Drosophila and Sophophora, respectively), which diverged 40-62 million years (Myr) ago and represent, thus, the farthest lineages within the Drosophila genus. The comparison reveals extensive reshuffling of gene order from centromere to telomere. Using a maximum likelihood method, we estimate that 114 ± 14 paracentric inversions have been fixed in this chromosomal element since the divergence of the two species, that is, 0.9-1.4 inversions fixed per Myr. Comparison with available rates of chromosomal evolution, taking into account genome size, indicates that the Drosophila genome shows the highest rate found so far in any eukaryote. Twenty-one small segments (23-599 kb) comprising at least two independent (nonoverlapping) markers appear to be conserved between D. melanogaster and D. repleta. These results are consistent with the random breakage model and do not provide significant evidence of functional constraint of any kind. They support the notion that the Drosophila genome is extraordinarily malleable and has a modular organization. The high rate of chromosomal change also suggests a very limited transferability of the positional information from the Drosophila genome to other insects.[The sequence data described in this paper have been submitted to the GenBank data library under accession no, AF319441.]Comparative genomics allows us to infer the rates and patterns of genome evolution. The comparison of genomes between distantly related species is made possible by the construction of high-density linkage and/ or physical maps and will be greatly facilitated and accelerated by the sequencing of entire genomes in a handful of archetypal species. Critical to this approach is that the analysis of linkage (synteny) and order (colinearity) relationships must be based on orthologous coding markers (Type I markers; O'Brien et al. 1997). Comparative mapping has already yielded important insights into how the genomes of plants and mammals have evolved (Paterson et al. 1996;Gale and Devos 1998; O' Brien et al. 1999).Drosophila melanogaster was the subject of the first genetic map (Sturtevant 1913) and the first interspecific comparative study (Sturtevant 1921), and is currently the genetically best-characterized insect. Its relatively small (180 Mb) genome, whose e...

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Section: Chief Map Featuresmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Their estimated sizes in D. melanogaster are indicated. Two genes localized by other authors, Hsr (Peters et al 1984) and orb (H. Naveira, pers. comm.…”

Section: Chief Map Featuresmentioning

confidence: 92%

How Malleable is the Eukaryotic Genome? Extreme Rate of Chromosomal Rearrangement in the GenusDrosophila

Ranz

Casals²,

Ruíz³

2001

Genome Res.

163

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…At the moment we have no indication as to the promoter site used and possible processing and termination sites needed. The corresponding gene locus in Drosophila hydei, 48BC, (Peters et al 1984) also contains a long region comprised of repetitive sequences. A direct comparison of the sequences and the physical structure contained in both repeats might give insight into the relevant features of this highly interesting RNA class.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two major RNA products are transcribed from heat-shock locus 93D ofDrosophila melanogaster

1985

Self Cite

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The heat-shock locus 93D from Drosophila melanogaster has recently become available for a molecular analysis. We established a restriction site map of a recombinant DNA clone covering the major part of heat-shock locus 93D. This clone includes part of a repetitive Taq I region and neighbouring unique sequences. The portion of the Taq I repeat analysed consists of tandemly arranged sequence blocks of about 280 base pairs (bp) in length. Using genomic and cDNA as hybridization probes we examined the transcription of 93D in 2- to 4-day-old flies. We identified two major RNA classes enhanced after heat shock, namely nonpolyadenylated transcripts of heterogeneous length derived from the repetitive region and one discrete polyadenylated transcript in spliced and unspliced form from the neighbouring unique region. The occurrence of a highly heterogeneous poly(A)- transcript and high levels of an unspliced discrete poly(A)+ species suggests unusual mechanisms of transcription regulation in the 93D region.

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“…Cloning of some sequences from the 2-48B puff of D. hydei (Peters et al 1980) indicated certain unusual features of this puff, which were further confirmed by a more detailed characterization of several clones from this region (Peters et al 1984). In the same year, cloning of the 93D puff sequences using micro-dissection of polytene chromosomes of D. melanogaster was reported (Walldorf et al 1984).…”

Section: A Homolog Of the 93d Puff Is Present In Differentmentioning

confidence: 80%

Forty years of the 93D puff of Drosophila melanogaster

Lakhotia

2011

J Biosci

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The 93D puff of Drosophila melanogaster became attractive in 1970 because of its singular inducibility by benzamide and has since then remained a major point of focus in my laboratory. Studies on this locus in my and several other laboratories during the past four decades have revealed that (i) this locus is developmentally active, (ii) it is a member of the heat shock gene family but selectively inducible by amides, (iii) the 93D or heat shock RNA omega (hsr row) gene produces multiple nuclear and cytoplasmic large non-coding RNAs (hsr row-n, hsr row-pre-c and hsr row-c), (iv) a variety of RNA-processing proteins, especially the hnRNPs, associate with its > 10 kb nuclear (hsr row-n) transcript to form the nucleoplasmic omega speckles, (v) its genomic architecture and hnRNP-binding properties with the nuclear transcript are conserved in different species although the primary base sequence has diverged rapidly, (vi) heat shock causes the omega speckles to disappear and all the omega speckle associated proteins and the hsr row-n transcript to accumulate at the 93D locus, (vii) the hsr row-n transcript directly or indirectly affects the localization/ stability/activity of a variety of proteins including hnRNPs, Sxl, Hsp83, CBP, DIAP1, JNK-signalling members, proteasome constituents, lamin C, ISWI, HP1 and poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase and (viii) a balanced level of its transcripts is essential for the orderly relocation of various proteins, including hnRNPs, RNA pol II and HP1, to developmentally active chromosome regions during recovery from heat stress. In view of such multitudes of interactions, it appears that large non-coding RNAs like those produced by the hsr row gene may function as hubs to coordinate multiple cellular networks and thus play important roles in maintenance of cellular homeostasis.

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The unusual structure of heat shock locus 2-48B in Drosophila hydei

Cited by 23 publications

References 25 publications

How Malleable is the Eukaryotic Genome? Extreme Rate of Chromosomal Rearrangement in the GenusDrosophila

How Malleable is the Eukaryotic Genome? Extreme Rate of Chromosomal Rearrangement in the GenusDrosophila

Two major RNA products are transcribed from heat-shock locus 93D ofDrosophila melanogaster

Forty years of the 93D puff of Drosophila melanogaster

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