The upper respiratory tract microbiome and its potential role in bovine respiratory disease and otitis media

Lima, Svetlana; Teixeira, A.G.V.; Higgins, Catherine H.; Lima, F.S.; Bicalho, R.C.

doi:10.1038/srep29050

Cited by 92 publications

(148 citation statements)

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“…Although there was considerable inter-individual variability, many of the relatively abundant genera found in the NP microbiota of the current study were also identified previously as being among the most relatively abundant in the NP of feedlot [1,3] and dairy cattle [35]. In addition, of the 20 most relatively abundant genera, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Mannheimia, Moraxella, Pasteurella, Proteus, Psychrobacter, and Streptococcus have all been isolated from the bovine Cattle were sampled at a ranch (Day 0) prior to shipping to a feedlot and then 2, 7, and 14 days after feedlot placement nasopharynx using culture-based methods [1,5,39].…”

Section: The Bovine Nasopharyngeal Microbiotasupporting

confidence: 74%

“…In agreement with previous work on the bovine NP microbiota, the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Tenericutes, and Actinobacteria were relatively Cattle were sampled at a ranch (Day 0) prior to shipping to a feedlot and then 2, 7, and 14 days after feedlot placement. The percent variation explained by the principal coordinates is indicated on the axes abundant at all sampling times [1][2][3]35]. One of the more surprising findings was the detection of Euryarchaeota 16S rRNA gene sequences at an overall relative abundance of 1.8%.…”

Section: The Bovine Nasopharyngeal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 98%

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The nasopharyngeal microbiota of beef cattle before and after transport to a feedlot

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe nasopharyngeal (NP) microbiota plays an important role in bovine health, comprising a rich and diverse microbial community. The nasopharynx is also the niche for potentially pathogenic agents which are associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD), a serious and costly illness in feedlot cattle. We used 14 beef heifers from a closed and disease-free herd to assess the dynamics of the NP microbiota of cattle that are transported to a feedlot. Cattle were sampled prior to transport to the feedlot (day 0) and at days 2, 7, and 14.ResultsThe structure of the NP microbiota changed significantly over the course of the study, with the largest shift occurring between day 0 (prior to transport) and day 2 (P < 0.001). Phylogenetic diversity and richness increased following feedlot placement (day 2; P < 0.05). The genera Pasteurella, Bacillus, and Proteus were enriched at day 0, Streptococcus and Acinetobacter at day 2, Bifidobacterium at day 7, and Mycoplasma at day 14. The functional potential of the NP microbiota was assessed using PICRUSt, revealing that replication and repair, as well as translation pathways, were more relatively abundant in day 14 samples. These differences were driven mostly by Mycoplasma. Although eight cattle were culture-positive for the BRD-associated bacterium Pasteurella multocida at one or more sampling times, none were culture-positive for Mannheimia haemolytica or Histophilus somni.ConclusionsThis study investigated the effect that feedlot placement has on the NP microbiota of beef cattle over a 14-d period. Within two days of transport to the feedlot, the NP microbiota changed significantly, increasing in both phylogenetic diversity and richness. These results demonstrate that there is an abrupt shift in the NP microbiota of cattle after transportation to a feedlot. This may have importance for understanding why cattle are most susceptible to BRD after feedlot placement.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-017-0978-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: The Bovine Nasopharyngeal Microbiotasupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: The Bovine Nasopharyngeal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 98%

The nasopharyngeal microbiota of beef cattle before and after transport to a feedlot

et al. 2017

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“…Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an important problem in cattle production that remains responsible for economic losses in dairy and feedlot herds because of high morbidity and mortality rates . It is observed in young calves, particularly between 2 and 6 weeks of age . In addition, BRD negatively impacts growth, reproductive performance, and longevity …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] It is observed in young calves, 4 particularly between 2 and 6 weeks of age. 5,6 In addition, BRD negatively impacts growth, reproductive performance, and longevity. 5,7 Mycoplasma spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation ofMollicutesMicroorganisms in Respiratory Disease of Cattle and Their Relationship to Clinical Signs

Tortorelli

Gaeta

Ribeiro

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundBovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an important problem in cattle production that is responsible for economic losses in dairy herds. Mycoplasma spp. are described as an important etiological agent of BRD.HypothesisTo evaluate the occurrence of the most important mycoplasmas in the lower respiratory tract of healthy and BRD cattle in relationship to clinical signs of BRD.AnimalsSixty young dairy cattle were classified as healthy (n = 32) or cattle showing clinical signs of BRD (n = 28).MethodsTracheal lavage samples were collected and added to tubes containing Hayflick media. Mycoplasma spp. were identified by the presence of “fried egg” like colonies, biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Occurrence of Mollicutes, M. bovis, M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC and M. dispar was evaluated. The association between clinical signs of BRD and the presence of Mycoplasma spp. also was evaluated.ResultsColonies were obtained from a 1‐year‐old BRD calf only. However, species identification was not possible. Mollicutes (P = .035) and M. dispar (P = .036) were more common in BRD cattle. The relationship between Mollicutes and crackle (P = .057) was not significant. M. dispar was associated to tachypnea (P = .045) and mixed dyspnea (P = .003). Relationships to heart rate (P = .062) and crackle (P = .062) were not significant.Conclusions and clinical importanceThe results confirmed the importance of mycoplasma as an etiologic agent of BRD and suggested M. dispar as part of the respiratory microbiota and its possible role in the development of BRD.

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“…Conventional PCR is problematic because pathogens can be present in both healthy and diseased calves. In other situations with multiagent diseases with opportunistic pathogens, quantification of the pathogens in clinical specimens has added substantially to the value of microbiological diagnosis (Lima et al, 2016;Pedersen et al, 2014Pedersen et al, , 2013. Recently, a multiplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) method to detect relevant bacterial pathogens of BRD was published, demonstrating better performance than culture in co-infections with two or more pathogens (Loy et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of novel multiplex qPCR assays for diagnosis of pathogens associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex

Pansri

Katholm

Krogh

et al. 2020

The Veterinary Journal

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A B S T R A C TBovine respiratory disease complex is the most common disease requiring the use of antimicrobials in industrial calf production worldwide. Pathogenic bacteria (Mannheimia haemolytica (Mh), Pasteurella multocida (Pm), Histophilus somni (Hs), and Mycoplasma bovis) and a range of viruses (bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine coronavirus, bovine parainfluenza virus type 3, bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine herpesvirus type 1) are associated with this complex. As most of these pathogens can be present in healthy and diseased calves, simple detection of their presence in diseased calves carries low predictive value. In other multi-agent diseases of livestock, quantification of pathogens has added substantially to the predictive value of microbiological diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of two recently developed quantitative PCR (qPCR) kits (Pneumo4B and Pneumo4V) to detect and quantify these bacterial and viral pathogens, respectively.Test efficiencies of the qPCR assays, based on nucleic acid dilution series of target bacteria and viruses, were 93-106% and 91-104%, respectively, with assay detection limits of 10-50 copies of nucleic acids. All 44 strains of target bacteria were correctly identified, with no false positive reactions in 135 strains of non-target bacterial species. Based on standard curves of log 10 CFU versus cycle threshold (Ct) values, quantification was possible over a 5-log range of bacteria. In 92 tracheal aspirate samples, the kappa values for agreement between Pneumo4B and bacterial culture were 0.64-0.84 for Mh, Pm and Hs. In an additional 84 tracheal aspirates, agreement between Pneumo4B or Pneumo 4V and certified diagnostic qPCR assays was moderate (0.57) for M. bovis and high (0.71-0.90) for viral pathogens. Thus Pneumo4 kits specifically detected and quantified the relevant pathogens.

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The upper respiratory tract microbiome and its potential role in bovine respiratory disease and otitis media

Cited by 92 publications

References 56 publications

The nasopharyngeal microbiota of beef cattle before and after transport to a feedlot

The nasopharyngeal microbiota of beef cattle before and after transport to a feedlot

Evaluation ofMollicutesMicroorganisms in Respiratory Disease of Cattle and Their Relationship to Clinical Signs

Evaluation of novel multiplex qPCR assays for diagnosis of pathogens associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex

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