The use of black and white infrared photography for recording blunt force injury

Bernstein, Mark L.; Nichols, George R.; Blair, Jeff

doi:10.1002/ca.22078

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In horses, DT has been used to detect musculoskeletal and neuromuscular injuries, and to monitor skin lesions (7, 10, 11). It also has been used for the ante mortem and post mortem detection of blunt force trauma in humans (12, 13). The authors hypothesized that a qualitative methodology using DT imaging implemented at slaughter plants may identify horses with bruising ante-mortem after transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared Thermography for the Ante Mortem Detection of Bruising in Horses Following Transport to a Slaughter Plant

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Undetected injury of horses sustained during road transport to slaughter is a welfare concern. This study evaluated digital infrared thermography (DT) for the detection of ante-mortem bruising in horses following transport to a slaughter plant. The sensitivity and specificity of DT for the detection of bruises following transport was evaluated. DT images were obtained from 93 horses (2–3 horses per load; 40 loads) at a Canadian federally approved slaughter plant. From an elevated platform 5 m from the horses, left and right lateral DT images, and one caudal pelvic area image were obtained from each horse. After slaughter the carcasses were examined for bruising (a visually discolored area on the carcass caused by damage to the blood vessels) and findings documented. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated for DT assessment of bruising. The prevalence of bruising on post mortem inspection was 54%. The DT approach to bruise detection at the region of interest level of 93 horses (n = 186 sides) resulted in a sensitivity of 42% and specificity of 79%. As the sensitivity was low, a more sensitive DT camera and allowing for a longer equilibration time for horses after transport may improve this approach to post transport assessment of subclinical injury.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared Thermography for the Ante Mortem Detection of Bruising in Horses Following Transport to a Slaughter Plant

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…IR-photography may be used to interpret and analyse traumatic injuries, determine the pattern of blunt force injuries and identify real abrasions from surface interferences, such as abrasions, lividity, dark pigmentation and post-mortem and artificial injuries. Furthermore, when an incision is not an option, IR-photography is an invaluable technique in forensic examinations of living victims of domestic violence, rape/sexual assaults and motor vehicle accidents [55].…”

Section: Determination Of Blunt Force Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usage of Infrared-Based Technologies in Forensic Sciences

Aşırdizer¹,

Hekimoğlu²,

Gümüş³

2016

Forensic Analysis - From Death to Justice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infrared (IR) radiation comprises a beam located in the electromagnetic radiation family; it arises from the thermal vibrations of radiation that have longer wavelengths than visible light, but shorter wavelengths than microwave radiation. Its wavelength is between 750 nm and 1 mm. The amount of thermal IR radiation emitted by an object is associated with the temperature of the object, the surface area of the object and the spreading of light. IR-based technologies have been demonstrated as a method of evidence identification in forensic sciences in addition to many daily uses. The combination of IR-based spectrophotometry with several techniques ushered in a new era in crime scene investigations and the identification of evidence obtained from crime scenes. Furthermore, the use of IR-based photography techniques has significant advantages. IR fluorescent automated DNA sequencer and thermal analyser for deception detection are other techniques that take advantage of IR technology. In this chapter, we aimed to present the IR-based technologies used in forensic sciences and forensic photography techniques to define the current situation, the importance and the advantages of IR thermal imaging among these techniques, as well as to describe the operating principles of IR thermal imaging technologies that may be generated in the future based on this technique.

show abstract

“…The longer wavelengths of infrared (IR) imaging may provide additional information about injuries below the surface of the skin, as they can penetrate relatively deeper in the skin, up to 3 mm, 11 and have been demonstrated to be of benefit, in combination with color images, when analyzing traumatic injuries 12 . This could be of particular value when imaging bruises on children with dark skin, as the level of penetration of IR waves, may cancel out the effect of the higher level of melanin in the epidermal layer of skin, 5 thus making the bruises easier to see.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of four different imaging modalities – Conventional, cross polarized, infra-red and ultra-violet in the assessment of childhood bruising

Trefán

Harris

Evans

et al. 2018

Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundIt is standard practice to image concerning bruises in children. We aim to compare the clarity and measurements of bruises using cross polarized, infra-red (IR) and ultra-violet (UV) images to conventional images.MethodsChildren aged <11 years with incidental bruising were recruited. Demographics, skin and bruise details were recorded. Bruises were imaged by standard protocols in conventional, cross-polarized, IR and UV lights. Bruises were assessed in vivo for contrast, uniformity and diffuseness, and these characteristics were then compared across image modalities. Color images (conventional, cross polarized) were segmented and measured by ImageJ. Bruises of grey scale images (IR, UV) were measured by a ‘plug in’ of ImageJ. The maximum and minimum Feret's diameter, area and aspect ratio, were determined. Comparison of measurements across imaging modalities was conducted using Wilcoxon rank sum tests and modified Bland-Altman graphs. Significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsTwenty five children had 39 bruises. Bruises that were of low contrast, i.e. difficult to distinguish from surrounding skin, were also more diffuse, and less uniformity in vivo. Low contrast bruises were best seen on conventional and cross-polarized images and less distinctive on IR and UV images. Of the 19 bruises visible in all modalities, the only significant difference was maximum and minimum Feret's diameters and area were smaller on IR compared to conventional images. Aspect ratios were not affected by the modality.ConclusionsConventional and cross-polarized imaging provides the most consistent bruise measurement, particularly in bruises that are not easily distinguished from surrounding skin visually.

show abstract

The use of black and white infrared photography for recording blunt force injury

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Infrared Thermography for the Ante Mortem Detection of Bruising in Horses Following Transport to a Slaughter Plant

Infrared Thermography for the Ante Mortem Detection of Bruising in Horses Following Transport to a Slaughter Plant

Usage of Infrared-Based Technologies in Forensic Sciences

A comparison of four different imaging modalities – Conventional, cross polarized, infra-red and ultra-violet in the assessment of childhood bruising

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About