The Use of Contactless Conductivity for the On-Column Characterisation and Visualisation of Packing Homogeneity and Band Broadening in Capillary LC

Fabrication and characterisation of capillary polymeric monoliths incorporating continuous stationary phase gradients

“…More recently, contactless conductivity detection has been used in scanning mode (sC 4 D) for the characterisation of surface modifications to stationary phases and stationary phase longitudinal homogeneity in capillary formats [12,[21][22][23][24].…”

Stepped gradients on polymeric monolithic columns by photoinitiated grafting

“…The detector response increased proportionally to the grafting density, providing a reliable approach to graft validation, and a measure of surface charge for such functionalized monolithic columns. Since then sC 4 D has been used many times in the characterization of longitudinal homogeneity of stationary phases in capillary columns , as well as being used as a variable position on‐capillary detector for recording chromatographic separations .…”

The use of scanning contactless conductivity detection for the characterisation of stationary phases in micro-fluidic chips

“…Since it was first described in the literature by Gillespie et al, [1] a number of publications have reported the use of scanning capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (sC 4 D) as part of the characterisation procedure for both packed and monolithic stationary phases in capillary columns. [2][3][4][5][6] The advantage of this method is that it can easily detect small differences in the homogeneity of the stationary phase while being entirely non-destructive.…”

“…[2][3][4][5][6] The advantage of this method is that it can easily detect small differences in the homogeneity of the stationary phase while being entirely non-destructive. [1] Despite the development and use of movable C 4 D on electrophoresis micro-fluidic chips reported by Wang et al in 2003, [7] as yet there are no reports on the use of sC 4 D to characterise the homogeneity of packed and monolithic stationary phases within the channels of micro-fluidic chips.…”

“…Furthermore, the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the collected data calculated for each column gives an indication of the homogeneity along the length. [4] This value can then be directly compared between different columns allowing the relative homogeneity between stationary phases to be determined. Thus, the RSD values were calculated for each column considering only the 7 points included in the first plateau of the C 4 D profile, i.e., up to 6 mm.…”