The Use of Direct Georeferencing in Aerial Photogrammetry with Micro UAV

Gábrlík, Petr

doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.07.064

Cited by 48 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The accuracy of the method is depending to accuracy of image points and GCP observations. The alternate strategy to georeferencing is application of information obtained from onboard sensors includes 3D position and attitude of UAV relative to ground in a predefined coordinate system in so called direct georeferencing (Gabrlik, 2015). Light weight UAVs are typically equipped onboard L1 C/A code GPS and a low-cost IMU.…”

Section:  Corresponding Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Potential of RTK-Uav for Automatic Point Cloud Generation in 3d Rapid Mapping

Fazeli¹,

Samadzadegan²,

Dadrasjavan³

2016

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:During disaster and emergency situations, 3D geospatial data can provide essential information for decision support systems. The utilization of geospatial data using digital surface models as a basic reference is mandatory to provide accurate quick emergency response in so called rapid mapping activities. The recipe between accuracy requirements and time restriction is considered critical in this situations. UAVs as alternative platforms for 3D point cloud acquisition offer potentials because of their flexibility and practicability combined with low cost implementations. Moreover, the high resolution data collected from UAV platforms have the capabilities to provide a quick overview of the disaster area. The target of this paper is to experiment and to evaluate a low-cost system for generation of point clouds using imagery collected from a low altitude small autonomous UAV equipped with customized single frequency RTK module. The customized multi-rotor platform is used in this study. Moreover, electronic hardware is used to simplify user interaction with the UAV as RTK-GPS/Camera synchronization, and beside the synchronization, lever arm calibration is done. The platform is equipped with a Sony NEX-5N, 16.1-megapixel camera as imaging sensor. The lens attached to camera is ZEISS optics, prime lens with F1.8 maximum aperture and 24 mm focal length to deliver outstanding images. All necessary calibrations are performed and flight is implemented over the area of interest at flight height of 120 m above the ground level resulted in 2.38 cm GSD. Earlier to image acquisition, 12 signalized GCPs and 20 check points were distributed in the study area and measured with dualfrequency GPS via RTK technique with horizontal accuracy of 1.5 and vertical accuracy of 2.3 . results of direct georeferencing are compared to these points and experimental results show that decimeter accuracy level for 3D points cloud with proposed system is achievable, that is suitable for 3D rapid mapping applications.

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Section:  Corresponding Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Potential of RTK-Uav for Automatic Point Cloud Generation in 3d Rapid Mapping

Fazeli¹,

Samadzadegan²,

Dadrasjavan³

2016

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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“…Bláha et al (2012) have demonstrated that sub-metric positioning of sUAS can be achieved with on-board RTK-GPS positioning. Furthermore, Chiang et al (2012) and Milik and Gabrlik (2015) have demonstrated that when RTK-GPS positioning is propagated through a photogrammetric solution, the position of GCPs can also be predicted with decimetric accuracies. Moreover, Eling et al (2015) report predictions of GCP positions with centimetric accuracy.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cost‐effective non‐metric photogrammetry from consumer‐grade sUAS: implications for direct georeferencing of structure from motion photogrammetry

Carbonneau

Dietrich

2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

231

211

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The declining costs of small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS), in combination with Structure‐from‐Motion (SfM) photogrammetry have triggered renewed interest in image‐based topography reconstruction. However, the potential uptake of sUAS‐based topography is limited by the need for ground control acquired with expensive survey equipment. Direct georeferencing (DG) is a workflow that obviates ground control and uses only the camera positions to georeference the SfM results. However, the absence of ground control poses significant challenges in terms of the data quality of the final geospatial outputs. Notably, it is generally accepted that ground control is required to georeference, refine the camera calibration parameters, and remove any artefacts of optical distortion from the topographic model. Here, we present an examination of DG carried out with low‐cost consumer‐grade sUAS. We begin with a study of surface deformations resulting from systematic perturbations of the radial lens distortion parameters. We then test a number of flight patterns and develop a novel error quantification method to assess the outcomes. Our perturbation analysis shows that there exists families of predictable equifinal solutions of K1‐K2 which minimize doming in the output model. The equifinal solutions can be expressed as K2 = f (K1) and they have been observed for both the DJI Inspire 1 and Phantom 3 sUAS platforms. This equifinality relationship can be used as an external reliability check of the self‐calibration and allow a DG workflow to produce topography exempt of non‐affine deformations and with random errors of 0.1% of the flying height, linear offsets below 10 m and off‐vertical tilts below 1°. Whilst not yet of survey‐grade quality, these results demonstrate that low‐cost sUAS are capable of producing reliable topography products without recourse to expensive survey equipment and we argue that direct georeferencing and low‐cost sUAS could transform survey practices in both academic and commercial disciplines. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Eliminating this requirement reduces field time and allows surveys to take place in inaccessible locations. By recording high‐accuracy positional and attitudinal information of a sensor, the need for ground control points is largely eliminated (Gabrlik, ), enabling greater levels of autonomy. Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and inertial motion unit (IMU) sensors, in conjunction with postprocessing techniques, known as postprocessing kinematic positioning, allow the user to locate a sensor and the resulting location of each pixel on the Earth's surface (Mian et al, ; Mostafa & Hutton, ).…”

Section: The State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote sensing of river corridors: A review of current trends and future directions

Tomsett

Leyland

2019

River Research & Apps

109

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River corridors play a crucial environmental, economic, and societal role yet also represent one of the world's most dangerous natural hazards, making monitoring imperative to improve our understanding and to protect people. Remote sensing offers a rapidly growing suite of methods by which river corridor monitoring can be performed efficiently, at a range of scales and in difficult environmental conditions. This paper aims to evaluate the current state and assess the potential future of river corridor monitoring, whilst highlighting areas that require further investigation. We initially review established methods that are used to undertake river corridor monitoring, framed by the context and scales upon which they are applied. Subsequently, we review cutting edge technologies that are being developed and focussed around unmanned aerial vehicle and multisensor system advances. We also "horizon scan" for future methods that may become increasingly prominent in research and management, citing examples from within and outside of the fluvial domain. Through review of the literature, it has become apparent that the main gap in fluvial remote sensing lies in the trade-off between resolution and scales. However, prioritising process measurements and simultaneous multisensor data collection is likely to offer a bigger advance in understanding than purely from better surveying methods alone. Challenges regarding the legal deployment of more complex systems, as well as effectively disseminating data into the science community, are amongst those that we propose need addressing. However, the plethora of methods currently available means that researchers and monitoring agencies will be able to identify suitable techniques for their needs.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The Use of Direct Georeferencing in Aerial Photogrammetry with Micro UAV

Cited by 48 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluating the Potential of RTK-Uav for Automatic Point Cloud Generation in 3d Rapid Mapping

Evaluating the Potential of RTK-Uav for Automatic Point Cloud Generation in 3d Rapid Mapping

Cost‐effective non‐metric photogrammetry from consumer‐grade sUAS: implications for direct georeferencing of structure from motion photogrammetry

Remote sensing of river corridors: A review of current trends and future directions

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