The Use of Molecular Techniques for Epidemiologic Typing of Candida Species

Pfaller, Michael A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2762-5_2

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In this situation investigators must be sure that the typing methods employed, either singly or in combination, have the ability (discriminative power) to identify differences among epidemiologically unrelated strains. Most of these so‐called ‘molecular epidemiology’ studies depend upon DNA‐based typing techniques [24–28]; and under most circumstances the rationale for the epidemiologic typing comes down to ‘whether two or more strains of a given species are the same or different’ [29].…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the discriminatory power of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and PCR fingerprinting for epidemiologic typing of Candida species

Voß

Pfaller

Hollis

et al. 1998

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the discriminatory power of genotyping methods (PCR fingerprinting and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) validated for Candida albicans in other Candida species. METHODS: Molecular typing methods are increasingly being applied for studies where the interpretation of data essentially relies on the typing results rather than epidemiologic data. In this situation, the discriminatory power (ability to identify differences among epidemiologically unrelated strains) of the typing method is important in allowing one to draw valid conclusions. By applying PCR fingerprinting, electrophoretic karyotyping, and restriction fragment endonuclease analysis using standard restriction enzymes and primers proven to be useful in previous studies, we evaluated whether the use of multiple genotyping methods is sufficient to delineate known unrelated strains among seven Candida species. RESULTS: All three methods identified individual genotypes for each of the seven Candida species studied. However, optimal strain delineation required the combined use of all three typing methods and was observed only within the small number of C. albicans and C. tropicalis isolates tested in this study. CONCLUSION: Typing assays that are able to delineate a certain Candida species may not be used blindly for other species of that genus. Regarding the limited number of strains tested, further validation of the discriminative power of genotyping methods (including in C. tropicalis) should be done.

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the discriminatory power of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and PCR fingerprinting for epidemiologic typing of Candida species

Voß

Pfaller

Hollis

et al. 1998

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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“…Restriction enzyme analysis (REA) was widely used in the earliest epidemiological investigations of C. albicans infections [38], [39], [40], [41].In this technique, total genomic DNA is purified and subsequently cleaved by a frequent cutting restriction endonuclease (e.g. EcoRI, MspI, BglII, HinF1 or HindIII) that produces a large number of short fragments resulting in a sequence-dependent restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).The generated fragments are separated using common agarose gel electrophoresis and visualized after staining with ethidium bromide.…”

Section: Restriction Enzyme Analysis (Rea)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular-Genetic Approaches for Identification and Typing of Pathogenic Candida Yeasts: A Review

Singh¹

2014

IJIRSET

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Candida is a medically important fungi because of its high frequency as a commensal and pathogenic microorganism causing superficial as well as invasive infections. Because the accurate diagnosis of candidiasis remains difficult, a fast and reliable assay for characterization of fungal pathogens is critical for the early initiation of adequate antifungal therapy and/or for introduction of preventive measures. As novel molecular genetic techniques are continuously introduced, their role in the management of infectious diseases has also been growing .Strain typing and delineation of the species are essential for understanding its biology, epidemiology and population structure. A wide range of molecular techniques have been used for this purpose including non-DNA-based methods (multi-locus enzyme electrophoresis), conventional DNA-based methods (electrophoretic karyotyping, random amplified polymorphic DNA, amplified fragment length polymorphism, restriction enzyme analysis with and without hybridization, rep-PCR) and DNA-based methods called exact typing (PCR based methods, microstallite length polymorphism, multilocus sequence typing, DNA microarray ) because they generate unambiguous and highly reproducible typing data. Today, molecular strategies complement conventional methods and provide more accurate and detailed insight. It can be expected that future technical development will improve their potential furthermore.In this article, we provide a critical review on the vigorously fermenting field of molecular approaches to Candida identification and typing and summarized their advantages and limitations with regard to their discriminatory power, reproducibility, cost and ease of performance.

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“…Candida albicans, an asexual, diploid yeast, has emerged as the primary fungal pathogen of medical importance (18). This polymorphic yeast normally exists as a harmless commensal.…”

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Single-Copy IMH3 Allele Is Sufficient To Confer Resistance to Mycophenolic Acid in Candida albicans and To Mediate Transformation of Clinical Candida Species

et al. 2001

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The Use of Molecular Techniques for Epidemiologic Typing of Candida Species

Cited by 31 publications

References 61 publications

Evaluation of the discriminatory power of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and PCR fingerprinting for epidemiologic typing of Candida species

Evaluation of the discriminatory power of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and PCR fingerprinting for epidemiologic typing of Candida species

Molecular-Genetic Approaches for Identification and Typing of Pathogenic Candida Yeasts: A Review

Single-Copy IMH3 Allele Is Sufficient To Confer Resistance to Mycophenolic Acid in Candida albicans and To Mediate Transformation of Clinical Candida Species

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