The Use of Non-Pharmacological to Decrease Anxiety and Improve the Breastfeeding Self Efficacy Postpartum Mothers: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Breastfeeding mothers are critical for realizing a qualified and dignified Indonesian generation. However, mental health, such as anxiety, frequently appears on postpartum mothers during the first week of the delivery that decreases the breast milk production of postpartum mothers. It lowers the intention to breastfeed. This research aims to identify the implementation of non-pharmacological therapy to lose anxiety and improve the breastfeeding efficacy of postpartum mothers. This systematic literature review begins by searching articles, published from 2011 until 2021, via some databases, such as google scholar, national library, and sciencedirect. The applied keywords were such as non-pharmacological treatment, anxiety, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and postpartum mothers. The applied method was PRISMA. The researcher found 450 articles selected based on the keyword combinations. Then, the researchers screened the articles into 11 articles that met with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, Sinta, and DOI. The articles took the topic of non-pharmacological therapy to decrease anxiety and improve breastfeeding self-efficacy in postpartum mothers. The researcher found the non-pharmacological interventions were massage therapy, hypnotherapy, aromatherapy, progressive muscular relaxation, mother-to-baby skin contact, lactation consultation, and peer education. They were effective to lose the anxiety and improve the breastfeeding self-efficacy of postpartum mothers.

The Effectiveness of the Rolling Massage Technique on Breast Milk Adequacy for the Baby in the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…One of the comforts of the mother can be achieved by rolling massage, which is a gentle massage along the mother's spine. The soft and comfortable massage can stimulate the nervous system to transmit signals to the brain to release the hormone oxytocin to facilitate the release of breast milk from the mother's breast [9]. The massage can be done by the husband and other people closest to the mother.…”

Pengaruh Pijat Oketani Menggunakan Minyak Essensial Lavender Terhadap Berat Badan Bayi Dan Self Effikasi Ibu Nifas Dalam Menyusui Di Wilayah Puskesmas Perumnas Kabupaten Rejang Lebong Provinsi Bengkulu

“…Respon ini kemudian dikirimkan kembali ke hipotalamus kemudian menstimulasi kelenjar hiposfisis posterior sehingga tubuh mengeluarkan hormon oksitosin dan endorphin di dalam tubuhnya serta mampu menurunkan produksi hormon kortisol sehingga efek yang dirasakan ibu nifas setelah pemijatan yaitu merasakan rileks di dalam tubuhnya dan membantu proses let down reflek yang mampu untuk meningkatkan produksi ASI serta meningkat keinginan untuk breastfeeding self efficacy pada bayinya (Nazilah et al, 2021).…”