The Use Of Nutritional Supplements Among Master Athletes

Striegel, Heiko; Simon, Perikles; Wurster, Christoph; Nieß, Andreas M.; Ulrich, Rolf

doi:10.1249/00005768-200505001-02295

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Similar to other surveys, in our study multivitamins, carbohydrates, and proteins were among the most popular supplements (Braun et al, 2009;Dascombe et al, 2009;Duellman et al, 2008;Erdman et al, 2007;Froiland et al, 2004;Huang et al, 2006;Nieper, 2005;Petróczi et al, 2007b;Petróczi et al, 2008;Ronsen et al, 1999;Striegel et al, 2006;Tian et al, 2009). We did not evaluate athletes' daily intake of micro-and macronutrients, but many athletes took dietary and micronutrient supplements such as multivitamins, vitamin C, and magnesium.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studysupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Dietary supplement use among elite athletes is common and varies from 59% to 88%, with multivitamins, minerals, proteins, and energy drinks being most common products consumed (Braun et al, 2009;Dascombe, Karunaratna, Cartoon, Fergie, & Goodman, 2009;Duellman, Lukaszuk, Prawitz, & Brandenburg, 2008;Erdman, Fung, Doyle-Baker, Verhoef, & Reimer, 2007;Froiland, Koszewski, Hingst, & Kopecky, 2004;Huang, Johnson, & Pipe, 2006;Nieper, 2005;Petróczi, Naughton, Mazanov, Holloway, & Bingham, 2007b;Petróczi et al, 2008;Ronsen, Sundgot-Borgen, & Maehlum, 1999;Striegel, Simon, Wurster, Niess, & Ulrich, 2006;Tian, Ong, & Tan, 2009). Athletes use dietary supplements to increase energy, maintain strength, enhance performance, maintain health and the immune system, and prevent nutritional deficiencies (Braun et al, 2009;Dascombe et al, 2009;de Silva, Samarasinghe, Senanayake, & Lanerolle, 2010;Erdman et al, 2007;Froiland et al, 2004;Nieper, 2005;Petróczi et al, 2007b;Striegel et al, 2006). Despite the frequent use of dietary supplements, recent findings have shown that athletes have misconceptions about their effectiveness (Duellman et al, 2008;Nieper, 2005;Petróczi et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dietary Supplementation Habits and Perceptions of Supplement Use Among Elite Finnish Athletes

Heikkinen¹,

Alaranta²,

Helenius³

et al. 2011

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of dietary supplement (DS) use among elite Finnish athletes in 2002 and 2009. In 2009, the authors also wanted to examine the reasons for athletes' DS use, whether athletes feel they have experienced benefits from their supplement use, and whether athletes had had an opportunity to consult dietary specialists. Cross-sectional studies were conducted in 2002 and 2009 among Finnish Olympic athletes. Data were collected using semistructured questionnaires, mainly in national team camps. The study population in 2002 was 446 athletes, and in 2009 it was 372. The number of DS users was high in both study years (81% in 2002 and 73% in 2009). Vitamin D consumption was low in both 2002 and 2009 (0.7% and 2.0%, respectively). An increase was found in consumption of omega-3 fatty acids between study years (11% in 2002 and 19% in 2009; p = .002), and their regular use nearly doubled (8% and 15%, p = .002). For vitamin and mineral users, the main reason for DS use was to prevent nutritional deficiencies, and for nutritional supplement users the main reason was recovery from exercise. Only 27% of all athletes and 30% of DS users had an opportunity to consult dietary specialists in 2009. This survey shows that supplementation rates among elite Finnish athletes are high and there may be over- and underuse of some micronutrient supplements. There is a need for professional nutritional counseling among national elite athletes.

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Section: Comparison With Previous Studysupporting

confidence: 89%

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confidence: 99%

Dietary Supplementation Habits and Perceptions of Supplement Use Among Elite Finnish Athletes

Heikkinen¹,

Alaranta²,

Helenius³

et al. 2011

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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“…One reason for this result may be that the use of nutritional supplements such as vitamins, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, herbals, and creatine 36 is widespread among athletes. [37][38][39][40] The use of such substances-referred to as gateway drugs or the "slippery slope" hypothesis-may pave the way for the use of other drugs 41 such as physical and cognitive enhancers. According to this hypothesis, anabolic ergogenic steroid use can also be a gateway for illicit drug use, 19 perhaps because athletes using steroids have an increased disposition for risk taking, 42 or the close contact to drug dealers and the underground market may contribute to their illicit drug use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized Response Estimates for the 12‐Month Prevalence of Cognitive‐Enhancing Drug Use in University Students

et al. 2013

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“…As such, NS use, along with behavioral intention and attitudes toward NS use and doping, may be important in highlighting those most at risk of developing a doping habit. To date, little attention has been paid to the social cognitive aspect of athletes' NS use in sport, even though studies document high usage rates across age, sports, and attainment levels (Kujala et al, 2003;Froiland et al, 2004;Erdman et al, 2006;Striegel et al, 2006;Maughan et al, 2007;Tsitsimpikou et al, 2009a, b).…”

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confidence: 99%

Gateway to doping? Supplement use in the context of preferred competitive situations, doping attitude, beliefs, and norms

Backhouse

Whitaker

Petróczi

2011

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

141

135

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Nutritional supplement (NS) use is widespread in sport. This study applied an integrated social cognitive approach to examine doping attitudes, beliefs and self-reported doping use behaviour across NS users (n=96) and non-users (n=116). Following ethical approval, 212 competitive athletes (age mean=21.4, s=4.5; 137 males) completed self-reported measures of doping-related social cognitions and behaviours, presented in an online format where completion implied consent. Significantly more NS users (22.9%) reported doping compared with non-users (6.0%; U= 4628.0, p< 0.05). NS users presented significantly more positive attitudes towards doping (U= 3152.0, p<0.05) and expressed a significantly greater belief that doping is effective (U= 3152.0, p<0.05). When presented with the scenario that performance enhancing substances are effective and increase the possibility of winning, NS users were significantly more in favour of competing in situations which allow doping (U= 3504.5, p<0.05). In sum, doping use is three and a half times more prevalent in NS users compared to non-users. This finding is accompanied by significant differences in doping attitudes, norms and beliefs. Thus, this paper offers support for the gateway hypothesis; athletes who engage in legal performance enhancement practices appear to embody an 'at risk' group for transition towards doping. Education should be appropriately targeted.

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The Use Of Nutritional Supplements Among Master Athletes

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Dietary Supplementation Habits and Perceptions of Supplement Use Among Elite Finnish Athletes

Dietary Supplementation Habits and Perceptions of Supplement Use Among Elite Finnish Athletes

Randomized Response Estimates for the 12‐Month Prevalence of Cognitive‐Enhancing Drug Use in University Students

Gateway to doping? Supplement use in the context of preferred competitive situations, doping attitude, beliefs, and norms

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