The use of PSD analysis on BeiDou and GPS 10 Hz dynamic data for change detection

Abstract

This paper examines the use of GPS and BeiDou data to measure the movements of two oscillating platforms in a series of field experiments. Data were gathered from a variety of GNSS receivers at a rate of 10Hz, and processed in an on the fly manner, resulting in 3D coordinates at a 10Hz rate with the corresponding precise time. These data were then analysed using a Power Spectral Density (PSD) function to derive the frequency of the movements. The positional data were also compared by matching a 500 epoch section of the data from the start with 190 successive 500 epoch long sections in order to demonstrate whether the movement measured was constant throughout, or whether there were any changes. The results show that the correlation of the positional data over a 30,737 epoch period deviates between 99.8% to 76.7% correlation with RMS values of 89.2%, 87.9% and 77.5% in the Eastings, Northings and Vertical directions respectively when using GPS. The RMS of the Eastings and Northings remain the same when BeiDou is introduced, but the height component improves slightly to 78.9%. The frequency analysis of the same 500 epoch long sections is constantly measured at 0.1172Hz in all three positional components, illustrating less deviation when analysing the frequencies. The main conclusion is that analysis of the resulting PSD output from GNSS data gathered on an oscillating platform is more constant and precise than analysing the results of the coordinates alone. This suggests that such analysis would be well suited for a Structural Health Monitoring system. The introduction of BeiDou also improves the results slightly, even in its current incomplete constellation. The novelty of this work is the analysis of the movements in such a controlled environment, and the correlation approach of the resulting positional output as well as the frequency derivation from the positions using both GPS and BeiDou. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 China. AbstractThis paper examines the use of GPS and BeiDou data to measure the movements of two oscillating platforms in a series of field experiments. Data were gathered from a variety of GNSS receivers at a rate of 10Hz, and processed in an on the fly manner, resulting in 3D coordinates at a 10Hz rate with the corresponding precise time. These data were then analysed using a Power Spectral Density (PSD) function to derive the frequency of the movements. The positional data were also compared by matching a 500 epoch section of the data from the start with 190 successive 500 epoch long sections in order to demonstrate whether the movement measured was constant throughout, or whether there were any changes. The results show that the correlation of the positional data over a 30,737 epoch period deviates between 99.8% to 76.7% correlation with RMS values of 89.2%, 87.9% and 77.5...

High-rate multi-GNSS attitude determination: experiments, comparisons with inertial measurement units and applications of GNSS rotational seismology to the 2011 Tohoku Mw9.0 earthquake

“…High-rate GNSS relative positioning has been widely applied to problems in sports (Buchheit et al 2014, Hoppe et al 2018, earth sciences (Kouba 2003, Larson et al 2003, Genrich and Bock 2006, Grapenthin and Freymueller 2011 and civil engineering (Lovse et al 1995, Psimoulis et al 2008, Moschas and Stiros 2011, 2015, Im et al 2013, Kaloop and Kim 2014, Roberts and Tang 2017. We have extended high-rate GNSS positioning to high-rate GNSS attitude determination with particular attention to the current stateof-the-art multi-GNSS systems.…”

“…Most of engineering and sports' applications are based on GNSS precise relative positioning, often aided with sensors such as accelerometers, magnetometers and gyros. In civil engineering applications, high-rate GNSS precise positioning has been applied to monitor dynamic deformation of tall structures/buildings and bridges (Lovse et al 1995, Kijewski-Correa et al 2006, Meng et al 2007, Psimoulis et al 2008, Moschas and Stiros 2011, Moschas and Stiros 2015, Im et al 2013, Kaloop and Kim 2014, Roberts and Tang 2017. When aided with low cost micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS), highrate GNSS precise positioning can be used to provide precise positioning for aircrafts (Bischof and Schön 2017) and to continuously measure positions, velocities, and other movement information on athletes and pedestrians in sports-related applications (Waegli andSkaloud 2009, Morrison et al 2012).…”

Global Navigation Satellite System‐based positioning technology for structural health monitoring: a review

“…By means of numerous zero‐baseline experiments, Tang et al verified that the GPS‐L1‐only precision is better than the GPS‐L2‐only precision, that GPS‐L2‐only precision closely resemble the BDS B1, B2, and B3, and that the integrated GPS/BDS precision is better than the GPS‐only precision. Roberts et al conducted two groups of experiments simulating real movements on a dynamic structure on two platforms (Figure ) for the purpose of analyzing and evaluating the performance of integrated GPS/BDS system. The experiment results indicated that the integrated GPS/BDS solution can improve the positioning precision in three directions, especially the vertical direction.…”

“…Two oscillating platforms simulating real structural vibrations, that is, the bungee experiment devices (left) and the rotating arm rig (right)…”

“…Two oscillating platforms simulating real structural vibrations, that is, the bungee experiment devices (left) and the rotating arm rig (right) 98 Recent research focused on the assessments and applications of the integrated GPS/BDS system for SHM of bridges. By means of numerous zero-baseline experiments, Tang et al 97 verified that the GPS-L1-only precision is better than the GPS-L2-only precision, that GPS-L2-only precision closely resemble the BDS B1, B2, and B3, and that the integrated GPS/BDS precision is better than the GPS-only precision.…”