The use of surface geophysical techniques to detect fractures in bedrock; an annotated bibliography

Abstract

This annotated bibliography compiles references about the theory and application of surface geophysical techniques to locate fractures or fracture zones within bedrock units. Forty-three publications are referenced, including journal articles, theses, conference proceedings, abstracts, translations, and reports prepared by private contractors and U.S. Government agencies. Thirty-one of the publications are annotated. The remainder are untranslated foreign language articles, which are listed only as bibliographic references.Most annotations summarize the location, geologic setting, surface geophysical technique used, and results of a study. A few highly relevant theoretical studies are annotated also.Publications that discuss only the use of borehole geophysical techniques to locate fractures are excluded from this bibliography. Also excluded are highly theoretical works that may have little or no known practical application.

Use of surface and borehole geophysical surveys to determine fracture orientation and other site characteristics in crystalline bedrock terrain, Millville and Uxbridge, Massachusetts

“…Resistivity methods have been successfully applied to detect fractures by a number of investigators, including Risk (1975), McDowell (1979), Palacky and others (1981), Soonawalaand Deuce (1981), Taylor (1982), Mallik and others (1983), Leonard-Mayer (1984a, 1984b, Ogden and Eddy (1984), Taylor and Fleming (1988), Lieblich and others (1991, 1992a), andRitziand Andolsek (1992. Most of these investigators applied collinear arrays rotated about a fixed center point to measure directional variations in apparent resistivity that are related to sets of similarly oriented steeply dipping fractures (Lewis and Haeni, 1987).…”

A strategy for delineating the area of ground-water contribution to wells completed in fractured bedrock aquifers in Pennsylvania

“…An annotated bibliography of surface-geophysical techniques to detect fractures in bedrock is included in Lewis and Haeni (1987). Conventional techniques for hydrologic applications are discussed by Zohdy and others (1984).…”

Integrated seismic ambient noise, magnetotellurics and gravity data for the 2D interpretation of the Vallès basin structure in the geothermal system of La Garriga-Samalús (NE Spain)

“…Two of the geological contexts in which geophysical methods can play an important role in medium-temperature geothermal systems are: systems related to sedimentary basins (Viseras, 2002) and systems related with fractured crystalline rocks (Lewis and Haeni, 1987). Previous studies (Calcagno et al, 2014;Mahajan et al, 2011;Rao, 1986) showed that different physical properties such as density or acoustic impedance reveal a great contrast between the basement and the sedimentary basin.…”

“…Likewise, in fractured crystalline rocks, different physical properties, e.g. the electrical resistivity, can show a great contrast between the fractured and the fresh crystalline rock (Kirkby et al, 2016;Lewis and Haeni, 1987;Mandal et al, 2019;Thanassoulas and Xanthopoulos, 1991). In this way, geophysical methods allow a preliminary delimitation and characterization of the geothermal reservoir, which is essential for the determination of the system magnitude.…”