The use of the fruit of the tree Balanites ægyptiaca in the control of schistosomiasis in the sudan

Archibald, R. G.

doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(33)90011-5

Cited by 46 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The first records on the use of plants as molluscicides are in the pioneering study carried out by Archibald 25 , where it was shown that the fruits of the tree Balanites aegyptiaca possessed properties against Schistosoma-infected mollusks, and the main active compound was a saponin. In a report entitled “Molluscicides in Schistosomiasis Control” by WHO, Mccullough et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of molluscicidal activity of three mangrove species (Avicennia schaueriana, Laguncularia racemosa and Rhizophora mangle) and their effects on the bioactivity of Biomphalaria glabrata Say, 1818

Mendes

Filho

Nogueira

et al. 2018

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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Schistosomiasis is a disease of global extent reaching populations in social vulnerability. One of the control measures of this parasitosis is the use of molluscicidal substances that can fight snails of the genus Biomphalaria, intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni. The aim of this work was to study the toxic activity of three mangrove species (Avicennia schaueriana Stapf. & Leech, ex Moldenke, 1939, Laguncularia racemosa (L.) CF Gaertn, 1807 and Rhizophora mangle L. 1753) on the biological activities of snails Biomphalaria glabrata. Hydroalcoholic extracts were prepared from the stem and leaves of each of the three plant species to which mollusks were exposed. The phytochemical analysis of plants showed the presence of important metabolites in the leaves and stems of L. racemosa and R. mangle, such as tannins and saponins, but the absence of these metabolites in A. schaueriana. Leaf and stem extracts of the three plant species showed low molluscicidal activity, not reaching the standards determined by the World Health Organization (WHO, 1983). L. racemosa and R. mangle has interfered with motility, feeding and oviposition of snails, unlike the extracts of A. schaueriana, which had no effect on these activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of molluscicidal activity of three mangrove species (Avicennia schaueriana, Laguncularia racemosa and Rhizophora mangle) and their effects on the bioactivity of Biomphalaria glabrata Say, 1818

Mendes

Filho

Nogueira

et al. 2018

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…Also, sterile soil where temperature changes quickly cannot protect them against harsh sunlight or cold waves. These aforementioned factors are therefore not suitable for snail survival (Archibald, 1933;Liu, 2003;Zhang and Peng, 1999). Our investigation largely confirmed these points.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Oncomelania snail distribution on land use in Sichuan, China

Sun¹,

Peng²,

Zhang³

et al. 2011

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Schistosomiasis is one of the four major infectious diseases that require prevention and control in China. It is mainly distributed along the middle and downstream areas of the Yangtze River and some hilly areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, and so on. Oncomelania snail is the only intermediate parasite in the schistosome life cycle; thus, reducing the number of snails can decrease the incidence of schistosomiasis by limiting its transmission. The number and distribution of snails is closely related to the environment, which is largely influenced by different habitats. To determine the relationship of snail number and spatial distribution with typical habitats, we selected different land use/plant cover types, investigated the snail distribution and analyzed the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The results show that among the different land use types, higher rates of live snail and live snail frame occurred along the riverbanks, wild land and ditches, followed by dry land, paddies, and forest lands. No live snail was found in bamboo stands of Sinocalmus affinis. An analysis of the physical and chemical properties of different land use types revealed higher soil pH value (8.41) in bamboo stands, which is beyond the suitable range for snails and possibly the key to inhibiting snails' survival. These results imply that in the land growing bamboo (Neosinocalmus affinis) the snail could not propagate owing to soil pH rising. Therefore, the research would provide to some extent, the guidance for snail control through optimizing land use systems.

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“…The solvents used include water (natural, synthetic, distilled, dechlorinated and/or boiled; Archibald, 1933;Ritchie et al, 1963;Evans et al, 1986;Alard et al, 1991;Lwambo and Moyo, 1991;Monkiedje et al, 1991;Ferrer Lopez et al, 1993;Yong and Rodriguez, 1994;Brackenbury and Appleton, 1997a, b), butanol (Spielman and Lemma, 1973;Lemma and Yau, 1974a), petroleum ether and dichlorom ethane (El Hadi et al, 1984;Appleton et al, 1992), hexane (Pereira et al, 1978), methanol (Silva and Rouquayrol, 1971;Alard et al, 1991), ethanol Shabana et al, 1988) and aqueous carboxym ethyl cellulose (Alard et al, 1991), amongst others. Most of the extraction procedures have involved the specialized use of expensive chem icals and equipment.…”

Section: Preparation Of the Crude Aqueous Plant Extractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposed standardization of assessment protocols for plant molluscicides for use in self help control programmes

Td¹

1998

Annals of Tropical Medicine And Parasitology

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Several candidate plant molluscicides have been identified for possible incorporation into self-help control programmes against schistosomiasis, but their full potential has yet to be realised. This has been, in the most part, due to the absence of standardized assessment and toxicity protocols, and subsequently the inability to register crude plant products in their country of origin or internationally. In an attempt to solve this dilemma, a series of protocols has been designed which will provide a useful standardized guideline for investigations into plant molluscicides, as well as precipitate moves towards the establishment of internationally accepted guidelines for the assessment of various categories of plant biopesticides. Ultimately, being able to register a crude plant extract will permit health organizations such as the World Health Organization to promote the use of such material, especially in self-help control programmes, thereby improving the health standards of rural communities.

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The use of the fruit of the tree Balanites ægyptiaca in the control of schistosomiasis in the sudan

Cited by 46 publications

References 1 publication

Evaluation of molluscicidal activity of three mangrove species (Avicennia schaueriana, Laguncularia racemosa and Rhizophora mangle) and their effects on the bioactivity of Biomphalaria glabrata Say, 1818

Evaluation of molluscicidal activity of three mangrove species (Avicennia schaueriana, Laguncularia racemosa and Rhizophora mangle) and their effects on the bioactivity of Biomphalaria glabrata Say, 1818

Response of Oncomelania snail distribution on land use in Sichuan, China

Proposed standardization of assessment protocols for plant molluscicides for use in self help control programmes

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