The use of topical anaesthesia during repair of minor lacerations in Departments of Emergency Medicine: A literature review

Little, Carol; Kelly, Orla; Jenkins, Mark; Murphy, Diarmaid J.; McCarron, Paul A.

doi:10.1016/j.ienj.2008.10.002

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…In our study the effi cacy of LAT gel as an anesthetic was similar to that in other studies. [1,2,3,6] One study even used the adrenaline mixture on fingers in 5-18 year old children, with no ill effects of digital ischemia caused by the adrenaline component. [3] It also did away with the inherent disadvantages of having cocaine in concoctions which had tetracaine, adrenaline and cocaine gel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that application of the gel has at least as good effi cacy as the conventional mode of LI which is much more painful and may result in patchy anesthesia. [1][2][3]6] This study seeks to compare the efficiency of LAT gel with LI for the anesthesia of lacerations prior to toilet and suture. Null hypothesis is assumed, that there is no difference in effi cacy of anesthesia between the LAT gel and LI groups of treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparing lignocaine-adrenaline-tetracaine gel with lignocaine infiltration for anesthesia during repair of lacerations: A randomized trial

Lee¹,

Laxmikantha²,

Ong³

et al. 2013

World Journal of Emergency Medicine

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BACKGROUND:This study aimed to compare the topical anesthetic lignocaine, adrenaline, and tetracaine (LAT) (4% lignocaine, 1:2 000 adrenaline, 1% tetracaine) with the conventional lignocaine infi ltration(LI) for repair of minor lacerations, for the comfort of anesthetic administration, effi cacy, adverse effects and cost.METHODS: This was a prospective randomized clinical trial. Forty Asian patients who required toilet and suture for minor lacerations in the emergency department of the Singapore General Hospital over a 4-month period. The patients were assigned randomly to 2 arms of treatment. The fi rst was the LAT gel group who had LAT gel applied to the laceration prior to suturing. The second was the control group in whom the anesthetic administered was lignocaine infi ltration (LI) via a syringe. The pain of the process of administering anesthetic and effi cacy of anesthesia were scored using the visual pain scale included within. The effi cacy of LAT vs. lignocaine infi ltration as an anesthetic prior to the toilet and suture of minor lacerations and complications of therapy.RESULTS: Twenty patients were randomized to LAT gel and 16 to LI on an intention to treat analysis. The mean pain score by patients in the LAT gel group was 2.5 (0.52 SE), and 2.5 (0.58 SE) in the LI group. The pain score for pain during application of the anesthetic was 1.5 (0.40) in the LAT gel group, and 3.5 (0.46) in the LI group. There was no difference in complications between the LAT and LI groups.CONCLUSION: LAT gel prior to the toilet and suture of minor lacerations is proven to be as effi cacious as LI in terms of patient comfort and effectiveness of anesthesia. The complications are also comparable to those treated with LI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing lignocaine-adrenaline-tetracaine gel with lignocaine infiltration for anesthesia during repair of lacerations: A randomized trial

Lee¹,

Laxmikantha²,

Ong³

et al. 2013

World Journal of Emergency Medicine

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“…16,17,18,19 Questo è un composto galenico confezionato in tubetti monodose, la cui applicazione topica all'interno della ferita e attorno ai margini garantisce analgesia cutanea ed emostasi dopo 30 minuti dalla sua applicazione in ferite a volto, cuoio capelluto e arti, mentre è sconsigliato in zone con vascolarizzazione terminale come naso, orecchie e punta delle dita per il rischio di ischemia. 20,21,22 Va a sostituire le più dolorose iniezioni perilesionali di Lidocaina. La letteratura riporta che negli Stati Uniti il 76% dei pediatri lo utilizza e ritiene efficace 23,24 , ma anche in Italia, da prima all'ospedale pediatrico Burlo Garofolo di Trieste e successivamente all'ospedale pediatrico Meyer di Firenze, lo si utilizza con ottimo riscontro tra personale sanitario, pazienti e accompagnatori.…”

Section: Introduzioneunclassified

Lâ€™efficacia del LAT gel nella sutura cutanea: indagine in un Pronto Soccorso pediatrico

Mazzocca¹,

Zanetti²,

Benetton³

2018

Scenario

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Introduzione: lâ€™anestesia locale di ferite superficiali Ã¨ usualmente effettuata con iniezioni perilesionali di lidocaina, tecnica dolorosa e che spesso induce ansia e timore nei bambini. Sono perÃ² disponibili gel anestetici che si applicano direttamente sulla ferita, in modo indolore e che creano analgesia ed emostasi e tra questi, il LAT gel (lidocaina 4%, adrenalina 0,05%, tetracaina 0,5%) Ã¨ risultato sicuro ed efficace.

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“…Similarly, a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and tetracaine is used to numb the skin before certain minor procedures [12] and tetracaine-epinephrine-cocaine (TAC) solution is indicated as a local dermal anesthetic for the emergency treatment of uncomplicated lacerations [14]. While promising, utilizing synthetic local anesthetic formulations has the potential to cause significant health issues, such as systemic toxicity and adverse local tissue reaction [9,11,15,16]. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain Management Via Local Anesthetics and Responsive Hydrogels

et al. 2015

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Acute and chronic pain control is a significant clinical challenge that has been largely unmet. Local anesthetics are widely used for the control of post-operative pain and in the therapy of acute and chronic pain. While a variety of approaches are currently used to prolong the duration of action of local anesthetics, an optimal strategy to achieve neural blockage for several hours to days with minimal toxicity has yet to be identified. Several drug delivery systems such as liposomes, microparticles and nanoparticles have been investigated as local anesthetic delivery vehicles to achieve prolonged anesthesia. Recently, injectable responsive hydrogels raise significant interest for the localized delivery of anesthetic molecules. This paper discusses the potential of injectable hydrogels to prolong the action of local anesthetics.

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The use of topical anaesthesia during repair of minor lacerations in Departments of Emergency Medicine: A literature review

Cited by 6 publications

References 69 publications

Comparing lignocaine-adrenaline-tetracaine gel with lignocaine infiltration for anesthesia during repair of lacerations: A randomized trial

Comparing lignocaine-adrenaline-tetracaine gel with lignocaine infiltration for anesthesia during repair of lacerations: A randomized trial

Lâ€™efficacia del LAT gel nella sutura cutanea: indagine in un Pronto Soccorso pediatrico

Pain Management Via Local Anesthetics and Responsive Hydrogels

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